李福伟+高金波+刘玮+韩海霞+雷秋霞+周艳+曹顶国+赵景鹏+王长青+仲菊

摘要：本试验把同批1日龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡随机分为两组，分别采用1日龄红外线断喙和14日龄人工断喙，研究两种断喙方式对育雏鸡生产性能和抗体滴度的影响。结果表明：红外线断喙1周末的平均日耗料量为11.27 g，小于人工断喙的11.50 g，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；两种断喙方式对每周末体重增重没有显著性影响（P>0.05）； 红外线断喙1周末的死淘率高于人工断喙，但差异不显著（P>0.05），3周人工断喙死淘率高于红外线断喙，差异不显著（P>0.05）；在35日龄新城疫（ND）、传染性支气管炎（IBV）和传染性法氏囊炎（IBDV）抗体滴度两组均差异不显著（P>0.05）。表明：两种断喙方式对鸡只第一周的生产性能有一定影响，对1周后生产性能影响不大。

关键词：断喙方式；育雏鸡；生产性能；抗体滴度

中图分类号：S831.2 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2017）08-00136-03

Abstract In this experiment， the same batch of one-day old laying hens were randomly divided into two groups， and one group was treated by infrared debeaking at one day old， while the other one was treated by artificial debeaking at 14 day old. Then their effects on production performance and antibody titer were compared. The results showed that at the end of the first week，the average feed consumption of infrared debeaking was 11.27 g and less than that of artificial debeaking as 11.50 g， but the difference was not significant （P>0.05）. The two debeaking methods had no significant effect on weight gain at every weekend （P>0.05）. The death rate of infrared debeaking was higher than that of artificial debeaking at the end of the first week， but their difference was not significant （P>0.05）. The death rate of artificial debeaking was higher than that of infrared debeaking at the end of the third week， and the difference was not significant （P>0.05）. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the antibody titer of Newcastle disease （ND）， infectious bronchitis （IBV） and infectious bursal disease （IBDV） at the age of 35 days. In conclusion， the two debeaking methods had some effects on the production performance in the first week， but fewer effects on the production performance after one week.

Keywords Debeaking method； Brooding chicks； Production performance； Antibody titer

斷喙是集约化蛋鸡生产过程中非常重要的管理方式，从20世纪60年代以来就一直被世界各国广泛采用[1]。大量研究表明：合理断喙不但能够减少蛋鸡啄癖、啄羽等恶癖发生，还可以节约饲料，提高饲料报酬，使鸡群的生产发育一致，降低蛋鸡产蛋期的死淘率[2，3]，获得较高效益。如果在生产中断喙不当，容易导致鸡群死淘率高，鸡群发育不良，均匀度和产蛋率较低[4，5]。近几年来，红外线断喙作为一种新型的断喙技术，整个过程为机械化操作，固定、断喙均由机器完成，均一性好，对鸡的损失更小，但是由于其花费相对较高，仍然有相当一部分养殖者采用人工断喙。本研究分析比较红外……