实时汛限水位动态控制研究
2017-08-13陈进佳何士华刘月楼
陈进佳 何士华 刘月楼



摘要 汛限水位动态控制是发挥水库兴利和防洪效益的最有效途径。为提高洪水资源利用率,运用预泄能力约束法确定某水库汛限水位动态控制的控制域,阐述预泄回充法和预蓄预泄法的基本思想和数学表达,讨论这2种方法在某水库汛限水位动态控制中的应用并分析该过程中带来的风险。分析结果表明,实行汛限水位动态控制相对常规调度能抬高汛限水位,增加水库蓄水,解决水库防洪与兴利之间的矛盾。
关键词 汛限水位;动态控制;预蓄预泄;预泄回充;风险分析
中图分类号 TV143 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)07-0179-05
Research on Realtime Dynamic Control of Reservoir Limited Elevation
CHEN Jin-jia, HE Shi-hua*, LIU Yue-lou
(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500)
Abstract Dynamic control of limited water level is the most effective way to develop reservoir and flood control benefit. In order to improve the utilization of flood resources, using the pill capacity constrained pre-discharge to make sure the control sphere of the reservoir limited elevation realtime dynamic control and expound the basic idea and mathematical expression of the preven-rechage and pre-storage & pre-dischage. The application of these two measures in reservoir limited elevation realtime dynamic control was discussed and the risk during this period was analyzed. The results showed that compared with conventional reservoir operation, reservoir limited elevation realtime dynamic control can increase reservoir limited elevation, add reservoir impoundment, and solve the conflict between reservoir flood control and benefit.
Key words Reservoir limited elevation;Realtime dynamic control;Pre-storage and pre-discharge;Prevent-recharge;Risk analysis
汛限水位是水庫優化调度的重要指标,科学合理地控制汛限水位,可以有效利用水库防洪与兴利之间的重叠库容,解决防洪与兴利之间的矛盾,提高洪水资源与水能资源的利用率。以往,我国多数水库是以静态的方式对汛限水位进行控制,笔者拟用短期降雨信息和洪水预报信息进行动态汛限水位控制。随着气象水文预报、定量预报等手段逐渐被引入水库汛限水位动态控制中,利用短期降雨预报和洪水预报信息即可科学有效地对汛限水位进行动态控制[1]。
水库汛限水位动态控制域为汛限水位实时动态控制提供约束。由于动态控制域属于规划阶段的成果,其依赖的设计洪水与降雨过程已知且偏于不利,不可能在实时运行中完全重现,这造成了该成果实时应用的困难。与规划设计阶段相比,实时洪水调度考虑的信息更丰富,汛限水位的动态控制也更复杂[2],故需对汛限水位动态控制进行进一步研究。……
