休闲体育产业的经济效应和演进规律
2017-08-12杨磊时传霞
杨磊 时传霞
摘要:以城市化进程加速、余暇时间增多和经济增长迅速为动力,休闲体育产业步入了快速上升的通道。休闲体育产业发展过程中,显示出良好的规模效应、关联效应、结构效应和就业效应,呈现出国际化、资本化、主体化、综合化、品牌化和网络化的发展态势。我国休闲体育产业产值占当年GDP的比例不足1%,其经济效应尚未有效体现,规模总体不大、结构不甚合理、产业组织弱化、创新创业不足等问题突出。特征鲜明、创新驱动、协同发展和科学管理,是休闲体育产业演进的基本规律。实现休闲体育产业的快速健康发展,应建立完善的休闲体育产业政策与制度体系,推进休闲体育产业体制机制改革,构建特征鲜明的休闲体育产业体系,推进休闲体育产业科技创新,加快休闲体育产业协同发展,完善休闲体育产业资本市场,培育休闲体育产业国际品牌,发展新兴休闲体育产业。
关键词:休闲体育产业;经济效应;演进规律
中图分类号:G80-052文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-2076(2017)04-0020-06
Abstract:With the acceleration of urbanization, the increase of leisure time and the rapid economic growth as the motion, the leisure sports industry had entered a fast-rising channel. In the process of development, leisure sports industry showed scale effect, correlation effect, structure effect and employment effect; the development is towards internationalization, capitalization, subjectivization, integration, branding and networking. Chinese leisure sports industry output value accounts for less than 1% of the GDP, whose economic effect has not yet effectively reflected and still has some problems, such as overall size being not large enough, unreasonable structure, weaken industrial organizations, shortage of innovation. The basic law of leisure sports industry evolution includes distinct characteristics, innovation-driven, collaborative development and scientific management. To realize the rapid and healthy development, we should establish the perfect leisure sports industry policy system, promote the reform of the system, construct leisure sports industry system, promote scientific and technological innovation, accelerate leisure sports industry collaboration, improve leisure sports industry capital market, foster international brand, and develop new leisure sports industry.
Key words: leisure sports industry; economic effect; evolution rule
1休閑体育产业的基本内涵及形成动因
将休闲作为经济学的内容进行研究始于美国经济学家凡勃伦(1899年),当前休闲产业的研究已不断深入并取得了显著成效。休闲产业是指为满足人们余暇时间的休闲需求而供给相关物品、服务和设施的组织和个体的集合,休闲产业涉及公园、博物馆、体育、影视、旅游、交通、餐饮等服务行业及其附属形成的产业集群。休闲体育产业是以体育为主题满足人们休闲需求而形成的产业形态,休闲体育产业是休闲产业中具有广泛影响力和较强带动力的重要组成部分,与文化休闲产业、旅游休闲产业并称为休闲产业的“三驾马车”。……
