张芝蕊+张雪微+王贝贝+孙虹豆+王羽淑+骆建霞

摘 要：采用盆栽試验法，研究盐胁迫对3种地被植物的生长、盐害率、盐害指数、根系活力、丙二醛（MDA）含量、抗氧化酶活性、净光合速率等指标的影响，以了解其耐盐性差异。结果表明：随盐浓度增加，参试植物的生长量均呈先升后降趋势，花叶蔓长春的相对生长量最大，荆芥的最小；盐害率和盐害指数均呈上升趋势，荆芥变化增幅最大；荆芥与花叶蔓长春的MDA含量呈上升趋势，早开堇菜的变化相对较小；早开堇菜和荆芥的根系活力与POD活性呈先升后降趋势，花叶蔓长春根系活力极显著低于对照、POD活力无显著性差异；3种植物的SOD活性在盐胁迫下的变化较小；随盐浓度升高，花叶蔓长春与早开堇菜净光合速率呈先升后降趋势，荆芥的则极显著低于对照。早开堇菜的隶属函数平均值最高，荆芥的最低。综合各指标及隶属函数分析结果认为：3种地被植物的耐盐性强弱依次为早开堇菜、花叶蔓长春、荆芥。

关键词：盐胁迫；地被植物；生长；生理特性；隶属函数

中图分类号：Q945.78 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.08.005

Abstract： The effects of salinity stress on growth， salt damage rate， salt injury index， root activity， malondialdehyde （MDA） content， antioxidant enzyme activity and net photosynthetic rate of three tested species grown in pots were studied， aiming at understanding the differences among the three ground cover plants in respect of salt tolerance ability .The results showed that with increasing degree of salinity stress， the height growth rate of all tested plants increased at the beginning and reduced afterwards， with the highest relative growth rate for Vinca major and the lowest one for Nepeta cataria， and both salt damage rate and salt injury index had a trend to increase， with the biggest increasing range for Nepeta cataria. The MDA contents of both Nepeta cataria and Vinca major had a trend to increase when the salt concentration was increased， with the relatively small increasing range for Viola prionantha. The root and the peroxidase enzyme （POD）activities of Viola prionantha and Nepeta catariaalso increased at the beginning and decreased afterwards with increasing degree of salinity stress. The root activity of Vinca major was significantly lower than that of the control. There was no significant difference between the three tested species in POD activity. The superoxide enzyme （SOD） activity of three plants changed little under salt stress. The net photosynthetic rate （Pn） of Vinca major and Viola prionantha increased first and then decreased with increasing concentration of the salt， and that of Nepeta cataria was significantly lower than that of the control. Viola prionantha had the highest average value of subordinate function， of which Nepeta cataria was the lowest. According to the analysis results of indexes and subordinate function， the salt resistance ability of the three ground cover plants can be ranked as Viola prionantha， Vinca major and Nepeta cataria.

Key words： salty stress； ground cover plants； growth； physiological characteristics； subordinate function

盐胁迫是世界农业生产和生态环境因子中最重要的非生物逆境障碍因子之一。目前，全世界约有9.54×109 hm2的耕地受到盐胁迫的危害，我国各类盐碱地面积总计0.21×109 hm2，盐渍土壤面积大，分布广泛，且盐碱化程度逐年加重[1]。天津地处北方渤海湾，分布有较大面积盐碱土，因而绿化实践应用中优良观赏地被植物种类相对较少。因此，进行园林地被植物耐盐性研究并合理选择利用耐盐碱植物，对于指导并实现盐碱地的优质绿化有着重要的实践意义。……