[摘要] 目的 探究循证护理在神经外科重症患者气管切开术后气道护理中的应用。方法 以医院收治的56例重症气管切开患者为受试对象，分为对照组与观察组。对两组患者分别采用传统与循证护理的术后护理，并观察比较两组患者的各项临床指标。结果 两组患者护理后观察组患者置留管时间以及肺部感染持续时间明显短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；对照组患者的术后并发症显著高于观察组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 神经外科重症患者气管切开术后气道护理中引入循证护理效果理想，值得在临床工作中推广应用。

[关键词] 循证护理；神经外科；气管切开术；术后护理；应用研究

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）11-80-04

Research on application of evidence-based nursing in airway management of patients with tracheotomy in department of neurosurgery

HUANG Qin

Department of Neurosurgery， Peking University Shenzhen Hospital，Futian District，Shenzhen 518000，China

[Abstract] Objective To explore application of evidence-based nursing in airway management of severe patients with tracheotomy in department of neurosurgery. Methods 56 severe patients with tracheotomy who were admitted to the hospital were selected as subjects and they were divided into the control group and the observation group.Patients in two groups were respectively given traditional postoperative nursing and evidence-based nursing.Clinical indexes of patients in two groups were observed and compared. Results After nursing，time for indwelling catheter and duration of pulmonary infection of patients in the observation group were both significantly shorter than those of the control group and differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Postoperative complications of patients in the control group were significantly higher than those of the observation group and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Application of evidence-based nursing in airway management of severe patients undergoing tracheotomy in department of neurosurgery has an ideal effect，which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Evidence-based nursing；Department of neurosurgery；Tracheotomy；Postoperative nursing；Research on application

气道切开术是一种能够解决紧急情况下的喉源性呼吸困难、呼吸机能失常或下呼吸道分泌物潴留所致呼吸困难的常见手术，在神经外科重症患者治疗中常被使用[1-4]。近年来，气道切开术在神经外科重症患者中得到了广泛的应用，有效减低了此类患者的死亡率。循证护理作为一种科学有效的以护理研究与护理实踐相结合的护理实践方法，近年来有报道显示[5-7]，循证护理在神经外科重症患者气管切开术后气道护理中对患者的治疗与恢复具有极佳的效果。因此，为了探讨循证护理方法在气管切开术后的应用效果，该研究特选取我院神经外科行气

管切开术的56例患者进行研究，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2014年6月～2015年10月医院神经外科收治的56例气管切开术重症患者展开研究，将其分为对照组与观察组，分组方法为随机综合序贯法，每组各28例。其中，对照组男18例，女10例，年龄18～79岁，平均（39.6±4.2）岁，脑出血19例，重型脑伤9例；……