血型鉴定中出现ABO血型正反定型不符的原因及措施
2017-08-04钟胜英
钟胜英
[摘要] 目的 对血型鉴定中出现ABO血型正反定型不符的原因和处理措施进行探讨。 方法 抽取2014年1月~2016年12月间,拟输血患者中ABO血型正反定型不符者18例作为研究对象,对其进一步展开吸收放散试验、抗体筛查、唾液血型物质测定、亚型检测,经ABO疑难血型3步分析法对不符的原因进行分析及鉴定。 结果 本次18例ABO血型正反定型不符者中,有2例为人为因素造成,另外16例的原因包括有生理因素、自身抗体因素、血浆蛋白异常、不规则抗体以及血液疾病等因素,其中不规则抗体因素所占比例最高(P<0.05)。 结论 造成ABO血型正反定型不符的原因较多,在临床血型鉴定中应引起重视,积极采取有针对性的确诊试验,展开鉴定分析,ABO血型鉴定时选择正确辅助手段,进而提高血型鉴定准确性,以保证输血的安全性、有效性。
[关键词] 血型鉴定;ABO血型正反定型不符;输血安全;疑难血型;影响因素
[中图分类号] R446.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)09-133-04
Reasons and measures of ABO typing discrepancy in blood grouping
ZHONG Shengying
Xingning People's Hospital,Xingning 514500
[Abstract] Objective To explore reasons and measures of ABO typing discrepancy in blood grouping. Methods 18 patient with ABO typing discrepancy who were planning to receive blood transfusion from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected as research objects and they were further given absorption-elution test,antibody screening,saliva blood-group substance and subtype blood grouping.Reasons for discrepancy were analyzed and detected by 3-step analytical method of suspicious ABO blood group. Results In 18 patient with ABO typing discrepancy,2 cases were caused by human factors and 16 cases were caused by physiological factors,autoantibodies factors,plasma protein abnormality,irregular antibodies,hematologic diseases and other factors.Of which,proportion of irregular antibodies factors is the highest(P<0.05). Conclusion There were many reasons for ABO typing discrepancy which should be paid attention in clinical blood grouping and take targeted confirmatory tests and carry out identification and analysis.Proper supplementary means of ABO blood grouping can further improve accuracy of blood grouping to guarantee safety and effectiveness of blood transfusion.
[Key words] Blood grouping;ABO typing discrepancy;Safety of blood transfusion;Suspicious blood group;Influencing factors
在實际临床工作中,ABO血型属于输血、器官移植过程中所应用到的一种非常重要的血型系统,确定受血者与供血者之间的ABO血型正确,是有效保证临床输血安全的一个非常重要的前提,也是基本原则。如果受血者或供血者二者中一方的ABO血型发生误定,失误的输注了异型血,发生严重溶血性输血反应的可能性就会达到增加,对该患者的生命安全构成了严重的威胁[1]。在发现ABO的正反定型存在不符情况的时候,如何能够迅速准确的找到原因,并及时正确的对血型进行鉴定的临床意义重大,应引起人们的重视[2-3]。本次研究对血型鉴定中出现ABO血型正反定型不符的原因和处理措施进行探讨,现将过程及结果报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
研究中资料来源于2014年1月~2016年12月间拟输血患者中ABO血型正反定型不符者,共计选择18例作为研究对象,年龄在3个月~80岁之间,平均(45.6±12.3)岁。……
