张玲玲?孟扬?张倩?狄艳梅

[摘要] 目的 对个体化护理在肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石术后患者中的应用效果进行研究及判定。 方法 选取我院2016年1月～2017年1月收治的110例肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石术后患者，将其分为对照组与观察组，两组患者各55例，对照组给予传统护理，观察组在传统护理的基础上给予个性化护理，并观察两组患者的VAS疼痛评分、舒适度评分、焦虑自评量量表（SAS）评分、抑郁自评量量表（SDS）评分、治疗依从性评分、护理满意度评分、拔出造瘘管时间、住院时间及术后并发症发生率。 结果 观察组患者的VAS疼痛评分为（2.14±0.41）分，舒适度评分为（90.44±6.28）分，SAS评分为（30.55±6.13）分，SDS評分为（31.47±5.27）分，治疗依从性评分为（91.57±6.22）分，护理满意度评分为（94.29±6.44）分，均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），不仅如此，观察组患者的拔出造瘘管时间为（5.55±1.34）d，住院时间为（10.87±3.45）d，均少于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），其并发症发生率为13.33%，少于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 个体化护理于肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石术后患者中的应用效果显著，值得在临床中推广实施。

[关键词] 肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石；个体化护理；护理满意度；并发症

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）09-106-04

Application effect of individual nursing on patients with renal calculi undergoing percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy

ZHANG Lingling MENG Yang ZHANG Qian DI Yanmei

Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University，Mudanjiang 157000，China

[Abstract] Objective To research and evaluate effect of individual nursing on patients with renal calculi undergoing percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy. Methods 110 patients with renal calculi undergoing percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy who were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected and they were divided into the control group and the observation group，with 55 in each.The control group was given traditional nursing while the observation group was given individual nursing at basis of traditional nursing.Pain score of visual analog scale （VAS） score，comfort score，self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） score，self-rating depression scale （SDS） score，treatment compliance score， nursing satisfaction score，time for pulling out the fistula，hospitalization stay and postoperative complication rate of patients in two groups were compared. Results VAS score，comfort score，SAS score，SDS score，treatment compliance score and nursing satisfaction score of patients in the observation group were respectively （2.14±0.41），（90.44±6.28），（30.55±6.13），（31.47±5.27），（91.57±6.22） and （94.29±6.44），all superior to those of the control group，P<0.05.In addition，time for pulling out the fistula and hospitalization stay of patients in the observation group were respectively （5.55±1.34）d and （10.87±3.45）d，both shorter than those of the control group，P<0.05.Complication rate of the observation group was 13.33%，lower than that of the control group，P<0.05. Conclusion Application effect of individual nursing on patients with renal calculi undergoing percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy is significant，which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Renal calculi undergoing percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy；Individual nursing；Nursing satisfaction；Complication

随着人们生活习惯的改变，肾结石的发病概率呈不断上升趋势，其发病机制较为复杂，以腹部疼痛不止为主要临床表现，对其生理、心理造成极大的负面影响[1]。近年来，经皮肾镜碎石技术广泛应用于国内医疗机构，术者通过肾造瘘管将结石取出，以此改善患者的肾脏功能，对肾盂进行引流，可减少肾盂、肾实质的感染，但由于患者的个体差异，易在治疗过程中出现引流管脱落、不畅及术后血尿、感染等问题，增加了护理难度[2]，因此对医护人员的护理措施要求更为苛刻，故此医护人员须将患者的综合因素结合进行考量，从而制定针对性强的护理方案并落实。……