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外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂的急诊诊断和治疗

2017-07-17顾永珍

中国实用医药 2017年18期

顾永珍

【摘要】 目的 探讨外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂的急诊诊断和治疗方法。方法 100例外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂的患者, 按脾臟受伤程度分为轻度组(Ⅰ级及Ⅱ级)和重度组(Ⅲ级及Ⅳ级), 各50例。比较两组骨折数、骨折部位、入院时并发症情况以及术后胸腔闭式引流时间、并发症及住院时间。结果 两组骨折数、骨折部位及入院时并发症情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轻度组患者胸腔闭式引流时间为(8.46±1.57)d、住院时间为(16.34±2.71)d, 均短于重度组的(12.69±1.89)、(19.64±3.16)d, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度组患者术后并发症发生率为6.0%(3/50)低于重度组的24.0%(12/50), 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂患者的预后与脾破裂程度密切相关, 早期全面检查是提高抢救成功率的重要保证。

【关键词】 外伤性;多发性肋骨骨折;脾破裂

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.18.015

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate emergency diagnosis and treatment measures for traumatic multiple rib fracture complicated with splenic rupture. Methods A total of 100 traumatic multiple rib fracture complicated with splenic rupture patients were divided by splenic injury degree into mild group (grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ) and severe group (grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ), with 50 cases in each group. Comparison was made on fracture number, fracture site, complications at admission, postoperative closed thoracic drainage time, complications and hospital stay time between the two groups. Results The difference of fracture number, fracture site, and complications at admission between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The mild group had shorter closed thoracic drainage time as (8.46±1.57) d and hospital stay time as (16.34±2.71) d than (12.69±1.89) and (19.64±3.16) d in the severe group, and their difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The mild group had lower incidence of postoperative complications as 6.0% (3/50) than 24.0% (12/50) in the severe group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Prognosis of traumatic multiple rib fracture complicated with splenic rupture is closely correlated with splenic rupture degree in patients, and early complete examination is the important guarantee for rescue success rate improving.

【Key words】 Traumatic; Multiple rib fracture; Splenic rupture

随着国家经济快速发展, 交通运输业的发达, 外伤患者逐步增多, 其中多发性肋骨骨折伴脾破裂是急诊科多见的疾病之一。脾脏破裂后出血迅速, 易发生出血性休克, 掌握合适的手术方法成为急诊外科研究的重点[1]。为了加强临床医师对该疾病的认识、临床表现及就诊方法, 本文拟收集2014年

3月~2016年8月本院外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂的患者, 分析有效的救治方法及疗效。现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 收集2014年3月~2016年8月本院100例外伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并脾破裂患者作为研究对象, 受伤原因为交通事故、高空坠落、碰撞伤等。根据我国第 6 届脾脏外科学术会议制定的脾脏受伤程度, 分为轻度组(Ⅰ级及Ⅱ级)和重度组(Ⅲ级及Ⅳ级), 各50例。轻度组男41例, 女9例, 平均年龄(49.1±8.7)岁, 就诊时间(5.1±1.3)h。重度组男38例, 女12例, 平均年龄(48.2±7.6)岁, 就诊时间(4.9±1.8)h。两组患者性别、年龄、就诊时间等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 具有可比性。

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