韦增岸 张正国 程鹏 黄晓辉 王冀 李林红

摘要 利用2009—2015年广西11—12月地面、高空气象观测资料及飞机人工增雨作业宏观记录进行统计分析，对增雨作业天气系统进行分型，并分析相应作业云系，建立增雨作业天气概念模型，利用模型分析一次增雨作业个例。结果表明，广西11—12月增雨作业天气系统主要有5类，包括冷空气型、高空槽型、华南静止锋型、低层南风急流型、台风型；其中冷空气型是最典型的降水天气形势。作业云系以层状云为主，有少量层积混合云，主要包括层积云、层云、积云、高层云，基本为暖云结构。层状云中下部可开展飞机作业或利用地面烟炉进行暖云催化作业，层积混合云中积状云部分可开展地面火箭作业。

关键词 人工增雨；天气系统；云系；广西

Study on Artificial Precipitation Enhancement Weather in Guangxi from November to December

WEI Zeng-an，ZHANG Zheng-guo，CHENG Peng et al （Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Weather Modification Office，Nanning，Guangxi 530022）

Abstract Using the surface meteorological observation data，sounding data and the operation information of aircraft artificial precipitation enhancement in November and December from 2009 to 2015 in Guangxi，we classified these precipitation weather systems，took an analysis of relative cloud systems，and developed conceptual synoptic models of precipitation enhancement operation based on which an aircraft artificial enhancement process was studied.The results indicated that these precipitation weather systems could be summarized into five types of cold air，upper trough，stationary front of southern China，southerly stream，typhoon.Among these patterns，the cold air pattern was the most typical precipitation weather situation.The relative cloud systems （including Sc，St，Cu，As） gave priority to the stratiform warm cloud，while including less stratocumulus mix cloud.The middle and lower part of stratiform cloud was suitable for aircraft and surface furnace artificial precipitation enhancement.The cumulative cloud be used to carry out ground rocket operations.

Key words Artificial precipitation enhancement；Weather system；Cloud system；Guangxi

廣西属中、南亚热带季风气候区，地处两广丘陵西部，山地多、平原少，岩溶广布，降水时空分布不均。新中国成立以来，广西几乎年年有干旱，全区多年平均受旱面积58万km2[1]，干旱缺水严重制约着广西经济的发展，尤其是工农业生产的发展。因此，开展人工增雨作业，充分利用空中云水资源、增加自然降水，对缓解干旱、促进经济发展有着直接的现实意义[2-4]。国内外一些学者对人工增雨作业天气开展研究[5-10]，得到了当地人工增雨作业天气概念模型。孙鸿娉等[5]研究山西省人工增雨天气条件，建立了4种有利于山西省人工增雨作业的天气概念模型， 并分别给出了未来12～24 h影响山西省的警戒区及最佳人工增雨作业区。……