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太原市不同林龄油松人工林生物量及其分配特征

2017-07-13孙向宁

安徽农业科学 2017年24期

孙向宁

摘要 [目的]研究太原市不同林龄油松人工林生物量的变化规律。[方法]采用平均标准木法和样方收获法获取不同林龄(12、26、45年)油松人工林乔木层、灌木层、草本层及枯落物层的生物量,分析了各器官及各层次生物量的分配特征。[结果]不同龄林林分的总生物量随林龄的增大而增大,12、26、45年生的油松生物量分别为9.79、217.48、276.06 t/hm2。乔、灌、草及枯落物层次分配方面,乔木层生物量占绝对优势,且随林龄增大而增大,其次为枯落物层。草本层和灌木层生物量较小,随林龄增大,有降低趋势。不同层次的生物量从大到小依次为乔木层、枯落物层、草本层、灌木层。[结论]该研究可为促进油松人工林合理经营与利用提供科学依据。

关键词 油松;生物量;分配特征

Biomass and Distribution Characteristics of Pinus tabuliformis Plantations at Different Stand Ages in Taiyuan City

SUN Xiang-ning

(Shanxi Academy of Forestry Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012)

Abstract [Objective]To study the biomass changes of Pinus tabuliformis plantations at different stand ages in Taiyuan. [Method]The biomass of tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer and litter layer of Pinus tabuliformis plantation with different stand age (12, 26, 45 a) were obtained by means of average standard wood method and quadrat harvesting method. The distribution characteristics of biomass in different organs and layers of Pinus tabuliformis were analyzed. [Result]The total biomass of different age stands increased with the increase of stand age, and the biomass of 12, 26 and 45 a were 9.79, 217.48 and 276.06 t/hm2, respectively. In the allocation of shrub, grass and litter, the biomass of tree layer was dominant, and it increased with the increase of stand age, followed by litter. The biomass of herb layer and shrub layer was small, and it decreases with the increase of stand age, the biomass of different levels from big to small followed by tree layer, litter layer, herb layer and shrub layer. [Conclusion]The study can provide a scientific basis for promoting rational management and utilization of Pinus tabuliformis.

Key words Pinus tabuliformis;Biomass;Distribution characteristics

森林是陸地生态系统的主体,是人类重要的物质资源和环境资源。森林生物量是生态系统结构和功能最基本的特征之一,它可以表明森林的生长水平和资源开发利用的潜力,又可以反映森林及其生态环境在物质循环、能量流动之间的复杂关系。生物量的测定对研究生态系统的能量和营养循环具有重要意义[1-3],也是研究全球气候变化和碳平衡的基础[4]。森林生物量的测定,对深入研究森林生态系统生物地球化学循环、碳汇功能、评价人工林生态系统生产力与环境因子之间的关系具有重要的科学价值[2]。

油松在山西省森林面积中所占比重最大,是山西森林的主要类型。油松是多用途树种,是良好的用材树种,其根系发达,对保持水土具有重要作用。……

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