双须叶须鱼人工繁殖研究
2017-07-13王万良张忭忭王建银周建设曾本和张驰牟振波
王万良 张忭忭 王建银 周建设 曾本和 张驰 牟振波



摘要 [目的]探讨双须叶须鱼人工繁殖技术。[方法]试验采用2次胸鳍基部注射法,开展双须叶须鱼人工繁殖及鱼苗培育技术研究。
[结果]第1针注射剂量为LRH-A2 4 μg/kg、PG 2 mg/kg,间隔48 h注射第2针,剂量为LRH-A2 10 μg/kg、PG 6 mg/kg,催产率可达86.7%;利用人工干法授精方式,2批次共获得受精卵149 288粒,平均受精率为80.1%;在水温12~13 ℃条件下,经过微流水孵化,共获得初孵仔鱼120 327尾;在水泥池经过30 d培育,获得平均体长为(1.95±0.24)cm以上鱼苗80 138尾,鱼苗成活率可达66.5%。[结论]研究结果可为雅鲁藏布江中游渔业资源保护与利用和开展增殖放流提供参考。
关键词 双须叶须鱼;人工繁殖;催产率;受精率;孵化率
Study on the Artificial Propagation of Ptychobarbus dipogon
WANG Wan-liang1,ZHANG Bian-bian2, WANG Jian-yin3, MOU Zhen-bo1* et al
(1.Institute of Fishery Sciences,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa,Tibet 850032;2.East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090;3.Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850032)
Abstract [Objective] To discuss the artificial propagation techniques of Ptychobarbus dipogon. [Method] Using twice pectoral fin base injection method,the artificial propagation and fry rearing technique research of P. dipogon was conducted. [Result] The first injection dose was LRH-A2 4 μg/kg+PG 2 mg/kg. After 48 h, the second needle was injected with LRH-A2 10 μg/kg+PG 6 mg/kg, the ovulation rate reached 86.7%. Using artificial dry method of insemination, 149 288 fertilized eggs were obtained ,the average fertilization rate was 80.1%.Under the conditions of water temperature of 12-13 ℃,120 327 larvae were obtained by microfluidization. after 30 d cultivation in the cement pool, 80 138 fries with the average body length of more than (1.95 ± 0.24) cm were obtained, the fry survival rate was up to 66.5%. [Conclusion] The research results can provide references for the protection and utilization of fisheries resources and their enhancement and releasing in middle reaches of Yalutsangpo River.
Key words Ptychobarbus dipogon;Artificial propagation;Ovulation rate;Fertilization rate;Hatching rate
雙须叶须鱼(Ptychobarbus dipogon),俗称花鱼,隶属鲤形目(Cypriniformes)鲤科(Cyprinidae)裂腹鱼亚科(Schizothoracinae)叶须鱼属(Ptychobarbus),是西藏重要的土著经济鱼类之一,主要分布于雅鲁藏布水系上中游干流及其支流[1-2]。近几年,随着西藏经济社会步入飞跃式发展轨道,旅游人员持续增长,西藏本土人民的生活习惯也随之发生改变,对鱼产品需求不断加大,人为滥捕现象极为猖獗;加之水利建设破坏了鱼类产卵场,生物入侵引起食物竞争等因素,导致双须叶须鱼资源量开始锐减,捕获个体开始小型化。目前,有关双须叶须鱼的研究主要集中在其个体生物学方面。1999年,武云飞等[3]对双须叶须鱼的染色体核型进行了分析;2010年,杨汉运等[4]对拉萨河和雅鲁藏布江中游的双须叶须鱼进行了资源调查,表明其资源量已遭到严重破坏;2015年,杨鑫[5]对雅鲁藏布江中游双须叶须鱼的年龄结构和生长特征进行了分析;……
