抚州市区冬季鸟类多样性分析
2017-07-13邓泽华李敏赵卫平李华
邓泽华 李敏 赵卫平 李华



摘要 [目的]调查抚州市区冬季鸟类多样性。[方法]2014年12月—2015年2月,采用样线法对江西省抚州城区和城郊鸟类的种类和数量进行了调查,并对比城市园林、河流和农田3种生境类型的鸟类香农-威纳指数、均匀度指数和物种丰富度指数。[结果]共记录到鸟类45种1 716只次,隶属11目28科。农田具有最高的鸟类密度和香农-威纳指数,而河流的均匀度指数和物种丰富度指数最高。[结论]建议在城市环境建设中加强不同生境之间的联系,提高鸟类栖息地的多样性。
关键词 抚州市;生境类型;冬季;鸟类多样性
Avian Diversity Analysis of Fuzhou Urban Area in Winter
DENG Ze-hua1,2, LI Min3,ZHAO Wei-ping3 et al
(1.Fuzhou Rushui Forest Park Management Office, Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344000; 2.College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;3.Fuzhou Wildlife Protection and Management Station, Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344000)
Abstract [Objective]To investigate the avian diversity of Fuzhou urban area in winter.[Method]We investigated the avian species and quantity in urban area and suburbs of Fuzhou City from December of 2014 to February of 2015 by line transect method. The species richness index, evenness index, and Shannon-Wiener index of avian in three habitat types(farmland,river,urban garden)were copmared. [Result]1 716 birds of 45 species were recorded,which belonged to 28 families,11 orders. The birds in farmland had the maximum avian density and Shannon-Wiener index, and the evenness index and richness index in river were the highest. [Conclusion] It was suggested that the impact of different habitat types should be strengthened in the urban environmental construction and the diversity of avian habitats should be improved.
Key words Fuzhou City;Habitat type;Winter;Avian diversity
抚州市地处亚热带,境内气候适宜,雨量充沛,土壤肥沃,森林资源丰富。抚州市林业用地面积129.7万hm2,占国土总面积的68.9%;森林覆盖率达65.6%,活立木总蓄积4 973万m3,位居江西省前列,是生物多样性最为丰富的地区之一。从20世纪90年代开始,抚州市城市化进入飞速发展阶段,这种快速发展的势头还将持续下去。随着经济的快速发展及城市化进程的日益加快,自然栖息地的丧失、栖息地的破碎化、人为干扰加剧等因素使得许多野生动物,特别是鸟类在城市生境中不断减少甚至消失,这已经引起了许多生态学家的关注[1-5]。因此,研究城市地区鸟类群落特征,有助于了解鸟类与环境之间的相互关系和不同程度城市化对鸟类群落的影响,进而深入探讨鸟类群落的动态变化规律以及其所在生态系统的物质循环和能量流动,探讨影响城市生态环境质量和人类健康的不利因子,对城市生态环境进行正确评价和长期监督具有重要的意义和作用[6]。……
