吴儒刚 贾德新 范业泉 王士岭 徐光东 戴忠民

摘要 [目的]研究植物生长调节剂麦巨金对德抗961小麦产量和株高的影响。[方法]以小麦耐盐品种德抗961为材料，在小麦起身拔节期喷施麦巨金，对小麦产量、穗粒数、千粒重、株高、穗长、穗下各个茎节进行调查分析。[结果]随着喷施麦巨金次数的增加，穗下各个茎节长度缩短越大，尤其是倒二节间和穗下茎，最终显著降低株高；能够改善小麦的产量构成要素，随着喷施次数的增加对穗粒数和千粒重影响越大，最终小麦产量增幅越大。[结论]在小麦起身期间隔14 d连续喷施2次麦巨金效果较好，不仅能够显著降低小麦株高，还能够明显提高穗粒数和千粒重，最终显著提高小麦产量。

关键词 植物生长调节剂；麦巨金；德抗961；产量；株高

Effect of Plant Growth Regulator on Yield and Plant Height in Wheat Cultivar Dekang 961

WU Ru-gang1， JIA De-xin1，FAN Ye-quan1，DAI Zhong-min2* et al

（1.Dezhou Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences，Dezhou， Shandong 253015；2.Department of Biology，Dezhou University，Dezhou， Shandong 253023）

Abstract [Objective] The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of plant growth regulator，Maijujin，on yield and plant height in wheat cultivar Dekang 961.[Method] The research was carried out with salt-tolerant wheat cultivar Dekang 961 by spraying plant growth regulator at standing and jointing stage.The main traits，including yield，grain number per spike，1 000-seed weight，plant height，spike length and stem nodes，were evaluated.[Result] Increasing Maijujin application times shortened the length of lower internodes，particularly the top second stem and under-spike internode，lead to significantly reducing in plant height.The Maijujin also improved wheat yield components.With the increase of application times，spike grain number，seed weight and wheat yield increased accordingly. [Conclusion] The effect of twice Maijujin spraying at standing stage with an interval of 14 days was the best.It not only significantly reduced the plant height but also improved spike grain number and seed weight，which improved wheat yield in the end.

Key words Plant growth regulator；Maijujin；Dekang 961；Yield；Plant height

小麥是我国第二大口粮作物，随着产量的不断提高，倒伏已成为小麦生产面临的最严峻的问题。小麦倒伏造成群体密闭，通风透光能力减弱，使得下部茎叶穗腐烂，不仅丧失光合能力，还增强小麦呼吸能力，从而降低营养物质的积累和转移；上部茎叶穗相互重叠，光合面积减少，光合能力降低，造成小麦籽粒出现大量瘪粒、瘪壳，从而降低小麦产量。黄迎光等[1]研究认为，倒伏导致小麦减产4.26%～37.26%以上，申桂先等[2]研究认为，倒伏可降低穗粒数1.50～1.65粒，降低千粒重1.74～7.53 g，同时降低小麦的商品品质，还影响机械收获，增加收获成本。与小麦倒伏密切相关的因素是株高、基部节间特性（长度、粗细、壁的厚薄）及机械强度[3]，其中株高是影响小麦抗倒性的重要因素，降低株高可有效防止小麦倒伏。……