胡晓炜 姜玉莹 杨军

摘要 [目的]探究盐胁迫下航天诱变向日葵生理生化指标的变化。[方法]选用航天诱变向日葵作为试验材料，用不同浓度（0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%）NaCl进行处理，分别测定其SOD活性、POD活性、MDA含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量，分析盐胁迫对航天诱变向日葵生理生化指标的影响。[结果]随着盐浓度的增加，SOD活性随之上升，当盐浓度为0.6%时，SOD活性下降；POD活性随盐浓度的升高而上升；MDA、可溶性蛋白、Pro的含量随盐浓度的上升而下降，当盐浓度为0.9%时其含量呈增加趋势。[结论]航天诱变向日葵能在0.9%的鹽浓度下正常生长。该研究结果可为筛选抗盐的向日葵新材料提供理论支持。

关键词 航天诱变；向日葵；盐胁迫；生理生化指标

中图分类号 S501；Q945.78 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）13-0024-03

Effects of Salt Stress on Physiological and Biological Indices of Sunflower Induced by Space Flight

HU Xiao-wei， JIANG Yu-ying，YANG Jun*

（College of Life Science， China West Normal University， Nanchong， Sichuan 637009）

Abstract [Objective] To study the changes of physiological and biochemical indices of sunflower induced by space flight under salt stress. [Method] Taking sunflower induced by space flight as test materials， they were treated with different concentrations of NaCl （0， 0.3%， 06%， 0.9% and 1.2%）. SOD activity， POD activity，MDA content， soluble protein content and proline content were determined. The effects of salt stress on physiological and biochemical indices of sunflower induced by space flight were analyzed. [Result] SOD activity increased with the increase of salt concentration. When salt concentration was 0.6%， SOD activity declined. POD activity increased with the increase of salt concentration. The contents of MDA， soluble protein and proline decreased with the rise of salt concentration. When salt concentration was 0.9%， they increased. [Conclusion] Sunflower induced by space flight can grow normally at salt concentration of 0.9%. These results can provide theoretical support for screening out new sunflower material against salt stress.

Key words Space flight induction；Sunflower；Salt stress；Physiological and biochemical indices

向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）是菊科向日葵属的植物，为一年生草本植物，是当今世界上重要的油料作物之一。向日葵种子含人体所必需的亚油酸、油酸以及少量的甾醇（固醇）、维生素E、磷脂、植物蜡及类胡萝卜素等非皂化物。向日葵属于生物治盐碱作物之一[1]，能产果实葵花籽。由于我国西北地区的土地存在盐碱化较严重的问题，如何开发利用这些盐碱地和有效种植粮食作物和经济作物，一直以来都是人们关注的问题。若要解决该问题，就要培育具有高抗能力的作物新品种。

向日葵是当今世界第二大油料作物，西华师范大学细胞生物学实验室于2003年将向日葵种子经过卫星搭载后，经过长达十余年的研究，在观赏向日葵等方面选育了大量的新材料，并且在遗传背景分析[2]和生理生化[3]等方面做了大量的基础研究工作。……