袁权 丁锦峰 左青松 冷锁虎

摘要 [目的]探讨喷施草甘膦对抗草甘膦油菜糖氮代谢的影响，为抗除草剂油菜品种的选育和生产提供理论依据。[方法]通过小区试验研究喷施草甘膦对抗草甘膦油菜各器官糖氮含量的影响。[结果]抽薹期喷施草甘膦，抗草甘膦油菜初花期、终花期和成熟期各器官的可溶性糖含量和可溶性糖总量均明显增加；各器官的氮素含量和氮素总量明显减少；各器官的糖氮比明显提高。施N、施P、施K和不施肥条件下，喷施草甘膦上述各指标均有相似的变化趋势。[结论]各器官中呈现出糖增氮降的变化可能主要是由于含氮物质合成能力的下降所致。

关键词 油菜；草甘膦；糖氮积累

Effects of Spraying Glyphosate on Sugar-nitrogen Accumulation in Glyphosate-resistant Rapeseed

YUAN Quan1， DING Jin-feng2， ZUO Qing-song2， LENG Suo-hu2*

（1.Jiangsu Nong Min Pei Xun Xue Yuan， Suqian， Jiangsu 223800；2. Agricultural College of Yangzhou University， Yangzhou， Jiangsu 225009）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to explore effects of spraying glyphosate on sugar-nitrogen accumulation in glyphosate-resistant rapeseed so as to provide theoretical basis for the breeding and production of herbicide-resistant rapeseed variety. [Method] We studied effects of spraying glyphosate on sugar-nitrogen accumulation in glyphosate-resistant rapeseed through field experiments. [Result] Spraying glyphosate on glyphosate-resistant rapeseed at bolting stage，soluble sugar content and total amount soluble sugar of various organs obviously increased at the beginning and ending of flower stage and maturing stage；nitrogen content and total amount nitrogen of various organs obviously reduced；the ratio of soluble sugar to N of various organs increased obviously. Under the conditions of N， P， K and no fertilizer application，the above indexes of spraying glyphosate had similar change tendency. [Conclusion] After spraying glyphosate， there is a tendency that various organs sugar increased and nitrogen reduced，which may be mainly due to the decline of the synthesis of nitrogen content matter.

Key words Rapeseed；Glyphosate；Sugar-nitrogen accumulation

油菜是世界上重要的油料作物之一，也是我國最主要的油料作物。发展油菜生产对保障食用植物油脂的安全供给有重要作用。油菜生长受多种因素的影响，杂草是主要障碍之一。据估计，中国每年由于杂草危害而造成的产量损失在10%～20%[1-2]。筛选和创制抗除草剂油菜是有效防除油菜田杂草的一项有效途径[3]。目前，世界上应用较多的是转基因抗草甘膦油菜。草甘膦在全球范围内都是很重要的一种除草剂[4]。研究抗除草剂油菜的生理变化特性具有重要意义。Oard等[5]研究转bar基因对水稻农艺性状的影响，结果表明在不施用除草剂情况下，转基因株系与原品种在抽穗期植株高度和稻谷产量上有显著差异。段发平等[6]认为即使在最佳时期喷施合适浓度的除草剂，喷药的抗性品种与对应未喷药的品种相比较，单株产量仍然略有下降。……