上海市中医住院医师规范化培训师承学习现状分析
2017-07-12王晶许粤
王晶+许粤

摘要:为了研究上海市中医住院医师规范化培训中师承学习的现状和效果,对378名住院医师进行了问卷调查。经过统计,影响师承效果的因素有导师是否讲解分析患者病情、是否让住培医师独立问诊并指导;住培医师是否书写跟师笔记、是否收集并整理导师医案等等。根据现状分析,探讨了住培阶段师承学习的内容、方法和考察标准。
关键词:中医教育;上海住院医师规范化培训;师承学习
中图分类号:R192.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1959(2017)13-0030-02
Abstract:In order to study traditional Chinese medicine hospital in Shanghai city status and effect of teaching learning training,to conduct a survey of 378 residents.After the statistics,the factors that affect the effect of the division of the instructor whether to explain the patient's condition,whether to let the physician independent consultation and guidance;live training physician writing with the teacher notes,whether to collect and organize tutor medical records and so on.According to the status quo analysis,the paper discusses the contents,methods and inspection standards of the teachers' learning.
Key words:Education of traditional Chinese medicine;Shanghai resident physician standardized training;Teaching learning
师承即师徒间进行传授学习的方式,又称“亲炙”[1]。师承遵循中医学发展规律,是中医学教育的主导模式:盖师承之教,以诵、解、别、明、彰为其法,以业师之学熏陶、浸润为其养,以多诊识脉、恒于临证、揣摩、领悟积其能[2]。医学史上有建树的医家大多通过师承方式接受医学教育的:如李东垣师从张元素,再传罗天益;朱丹溪效法“程门立雪”拜罗知悌为师等。纵观近现代诸多名家(共参考114名名医名家)的成才模式,仍是以师徒传授和继承家学为主,院校教育、自学成才并存[3]。实践证明师带徒是继承和发扬中医学术、培养后继人才的有效途径,尤其是某些专科、一技之长的绝招、不同流派的医疗经验及手法等,很难从书本学到,更适于口传心授、手把手地教[4]。19世纪末,德国首先提出住院医师规范化培训的概念,经过美国等欧美国家的大力推广和不断完善,现已被世界各国医学界所认可[5]。上海从2010年起,开展由卫计委统一主导和统筹的住院医师规范化培训工作,第一批39家培训基地,其中5家中医系统培训基地。……
