一种改进型的状态反馈控制系统设计
2017-07-12李琳



摘 要:在现代控制理论中,如果一个系统能控,可以进行极点的任意配置,能够改善系统的动态性能,但是会改变原系统的稳态输出幅度,这在实际系统控制系统设计中是不利的。针对这个问题,提出了带内部模型的状态反馈系统,不但可以改善系统的动态性能,又能保证系统输出幅度的稳定性。本文首先以一个三阶系统为例,对其用全状态反馈实现极点的任意配置,通过仿真实验验证了引入极点配置后,能改善原系统的动态性能,但是稳态输出幅度从1变成0.14。然后以一个二阶系统为例,根据内模控制原理设计了带内部模型的状态反馈控制系统,最后通过仿真和硬件实验验证了引入内模控制器后系统的动态性能得到改善,而且稳态输出幅度保持不变,始终保持稳态输出的幅度为1。
关键词:控制系统;极点配置;内模控制器;动态性能;稳态输出;
中图分类号: TP13 文献标识码:A
Abstract:In modern control theory, if a system can be controlled, it can improve the system dynamic performance through arbitrary pole placement. But the steady-state output of the original system will be changed, which is harmful in the actual system in the control system design. Aiming at this problem, the paper puts forward with the internal model of the state feedback system, not only it can improve the system dynamic performance, but also it can ensure the stability of the system output amplitude. Firstly, the paper uses a three-order system as an example, and realizes arbitrary pole placement through full state-feedback. The introduction of pole configuration can improve the dynamic performance of the original system through the simulation experiment, but the steady-state output amplitude changes from 1 to 0.14. Then the paper uses a two-order system as an example, and designs an internal model of the state-feedback control system according to the principle of internal model controller. At last the simulation and hardware experiment verifies the dynamic performance of the system is improved after the introduction of internal model controller, and the steady-state output amplitude remains unchanged, and it always maintains the steady output by 1.
Key words: control system; pole placement; internal model control; dynamic performance; steady state output;
1引言
在單输入和单输出高阶控制系统设计时,工程人员需要考虑系统的稳定性、快速性和精确性,系统的稳定性取决于闭环极点在复数坐标平面的位置,只要其位于复数平面的左半平面,其系统就是稳定的,而且闭环极点离虚轴越远,系统越稳定。系统的快速性也就是系统的动态性能,其主要取决于系统的闭环极点在复数坐标平面所处的位置。对于一个典型的n阶系统,采用输出反馈不能使所有的极点位于所希望的位置,从而使控制系统有良好的动态性能。……
