李程瑶

摘 要：锦州市水资源严重不足，人均占有水资源量454m3，约为全省人均占有水资源量一半多一点，不足全国人均占有量的五分之一，属国际上认定的严重贫水区，水资源供需矛盾十分突出。长期以来，由于节水意识淡薄，用水管理粗放、用水浪费现象比较严重。农田大水漫灌现象仍然存在，渠系灌溉水损失很大，有效供水率低。因此做好农业节水，研究农业节水技术就显得很重要。我市农业缺水的问题在很大程度上要依靠节水予以解决，加强对我市节水农业技术的研究，以科技创新促进生产力发展，建立与完善适合我市的现代节水农业技术体系，将成为促进我市节水农业可持续发展的重大战略举措之一。这里主要探讨锦州市目前节水技术的发展趋势。

关键词：农业；节水； 技术分析

Modern technology of agricultural section water shallow noted

Li Chengyao

（ Liaoning Province Water Conservancy Bureau of Jinzhou City， Liaoning Jinzhou 121013 ）

Abstract： Jinzhou city is serious shortage of water resources， per capita water resources quantity 454m3， about the per capita share of water resources is a little more than half， less than the national average amount per capita 1/5， is internationally recognized the serious deficient water， the water resources supply and demand contradiction is very outstanding. Long-term since， the water-saving consciousness， extensive of the management that use water， water waste a phenomenon more serious. Farmland flood flooding phenomenon still exists， canal irrigation water loss is large， effective supply rate is low. So the research on water-saving agriculture， water-saving agricultural technology becomes very important. Our city agriculture the problem of water shortage relies heavily on water saving to resolve， to strengthen our city water-saving agriculture technology research， technology and innovation promote the development of productive forces， establish and perfect for our city modern water-saving agriculture technology system， will be the promotion of sustainable development of water saving agriculture in our city one of major strategy act. We mainly discuss the current Jinzhou water-saving technology development trend.

Key words： Agricultural Water-saving Technique

1.農业节水技术基本情况

在农业生产实践中，把提高灌溉水的利用率、单方水的利用效率、水资源再生利用率作为研究重点和主要目标。在研究节水农业基础理论基础上，提升节水农业技术的高科技含量，建立适合我市的节水农业技术体系，加快由传统的粗放农业向现代化的精准农业转型的进程。

1.1节水农业技术的应用可大致分布在四个基本环节中：

一是减少灌溉渠系（管道）输水过程中的水量蒸发与渗漏损失，提高农田灌溉水的利用率；二是减少田间灌溉过程中的水分深层渗漏和地表流失，在改善灌水质量的同时减少单位灌溉面积的用水量；……