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市场转型背景下体育赛事公共服务体系建设研究

2017-06-19王宏梁枢

山东体育学院学报 2017年3期

王宏+梁枢

摘 要:2014年我国体育产业上升至国家战略高度,体育赛事公共体育服务体系建设进入攻坚阶段,对于市场资本进入体育赛事公共服务供给领域、提高体育赛事社会影响力、满足社会居民对高质量体育赛事公共需求具有重要意义。以新公共服务理论为切入,提出体育赛事公共服务体系具备:多元主体性、宏观调控性、微观高效性以及市场导向性四大内涵特征。培育具备实际法人资格,掌握有效社会公权力;内部决策具有充分“民主”精神的社会体育组织或运动行业协会是体系构建关键。转型路径包括:强制型和诱致型制度变迁,需要不断完善:规制、申报、评估、授权、引资和监督六大机制。政府部门目前依然是体系构建的关键性角色,建议通过政府购买、公共引导资金和司法完善加强保障。

关键词:体育赛事;市场转型;公共服务;政府购买;体育产业发展引导资金

中图分类号:G80-051 文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-2076(2017)03-0026-05

Abstract:Since sports industry was upgraded to national strategy in 2014, the construction of sport event public service system has entered a crucial stage, which is of great significance to the capital market into the field of sports public service supply, the expansion of sports social influence through sport event, and the demand fulfillment of social residents for quality sports events. This study by proceeding from the new public service theory puts forward the 4 connotative characteristics of sport event public service system: "pluralistic subjectivity", "macro-regulation", "micro-efficiency" and "market orientation". The key for the construction of the system is to develop social sport organizations or sport industry associations that possess legal personality, social public power and internal decision full of "democracy" spirits. It also gives the transition path that is to introduce compulsive and derivative change of institutions to improve the 6 mechanisms: "governance", "declaration", "evaluation", "authorization", "capital introduction" and "supervision". Still, government departments play the key role in the system construction, so it suggests that "government purchase", "public guidance funds" and "judicial perfection" be adopted to strengthen the security.

Key words: sports events; market transition; public service; government purchase; sports industry development guiding fund

從20世纪90年代起,我国已经着手改造传统“三级竞训体系”,建设体育赛事公共服务体系,以求推动体育赛事市场化转型。目前,我国体育赛事公共服务体系建设积累了丰富经验,已培育出部分具有较高市场化水平的体育联赛。但是,我国政府部门行政审批门槛过高,弱化了社会与市场对于体育赛事产品的自主选择和共同参与,阻碍体育赛事市场化进一步深入发展。2014年10月20日国务院印发《关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费若干意见》,提出:体育行政及相关部门将深化体育赛事“公共服务”改革,切实推动以足球、篮球、排球赛事(联赛)为代表的各级、各类体育赛事(联赛)的商业化、市场化发展与转型。……

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