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高血压患者血压动态监测特点及与脑卒中的关系

2017-06-06黄勇慧

中国当代医药 2017年12期
关键词:脑卒中高血压

黄勇慧

[摘要]目的 探討高血压患者血压动态监测特点及与脑卒中的关系。方法 选取2012年3月~2014年12月在我院治疗的高血压伴脑卒中患者248例为脑卒中组,同时选取高血压未伴脑卒中患者173例为对照组,采用动态血压监测仪记录两组患者24 h平均血压、脉压等。结果 脑卒中组24 h平均收缩压(SBP)为(142.47±13.24)mmHg,脉压为(67.10±10.13)mmHg,均明显高于对照组的(131.08±14.16)、(58.34±9.18)mmHg(P<0.05);脑卒中组24 h平均舒张压(DBP)为(76.14±9.47)mmHg,对照组为(75.98±9.13)mmHg,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脑卒中组患者昼夜SBP分别为(149.54±10.64)mmHg和(140.24±11.54)mmHg,明显高于对照组的(138.87±9.86)mmHg和(129.57±10.61)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脑卒中组夜间DBP为(76.04±10.08)mmHg,明显高于对照组的(73.45±9.56)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑卒中组患者SBP和DBP节律分别为(4.24±0.94)%和(5.53±1.21)%,明显低于对照组的(9.73±1.32)%和(9.07±1.27)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 平均SBP、PP、昼夜SBP和血压昼夜节律与脑卒中的发生可能有相关性,有效控制血压特别是SBP,对脑卒中发生的减少可能有重要价值。

[关键词]高血压;动态血压监测;脑卒中;收缩压;舒张压

[中图分类号] R544.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)04(c)-0032-03

[Abstract]Objective To investigate the characteristics of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertension and its relationship with stroke.Methods 248 patients with hypertension combined with cerebral stroke treated in our hospital from March 2012 to December 2014 were recruited as the cerebral stroke group,and 173 hypertensive patients without cerebral stroke were selected as the control group.The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used in both groups to record the average blood pressure of 24 h,pulse pressure (PP) and so on.Results In the cerebral stroke group,average systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 24 h was (142.47±13.24) mmHg,and PP was (67.10±10.13) mmHg,which were significantly higher than the control group [(131.08±14.16) mmHg and (58.34±9.18) mmHg] (P<0.05).Meandiastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 24 h was (76.14±9.47) mmHg in the cerebral stroke group,and was (75.98±9.13) mmHg in the control group,there were no significantly difference between both groups (P>0.05).The circadian SBP respectively were (149.54±10.64) mmHg and(140.24±11.54) mmHg in cerebral stroke group,which were remarkblely higher than those of the control group (138.87±9.86) mmHg and(129.57±10.61) mmHg (P<0.05).DBP at night in cerebral stroke group was (76.04±10.08) mmHg,which was significantly higher than the control group (73.45±9.56) mmHg (P<0.05).The SBP and DBP rhythms were respectively (4.24±0.94)% and (5.53±1.21)% in the cerebral stroke group,which were significantly lower than the control group (9.73±1.32)% and (9.07±1.27)% (P<0.05).Conclusion Average SBP,PP,circadian SBP and blood pressure circadian rhythm may be relevant to the occurrence of cerebral stroke.Effective control of blood pressure,particularly SBP,may have significant value to reduce the incidence of cerebral stroke.

[Key words]Hypertension;Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring;Cerebral stroke;Systolic blood pressure;Diastolic blood pressure

高血压是大家众所周知的慢性病,患病时间长,对机体的生理健康影响较大。高血压病程长,需要患者长期坚持控制血压。但许多患者没能认识到控制血压的重要性,依从性较差,导致血压控制不理想,血压波动大,提高了心血管和脑血管意外的发生风险[1]。动态血压监测(ABPM)对高血压患者药物治疗疗效的评估较为准确、客观[2],而且它还可评估高血压导致的机体靶器官损害的严重程度。情绪激动、寒冷刺激、高龄等均可引起血压升高,采用24 h ABPM检查患者24 h血压变化有利于血压的控制。本文采用ABPM评价患者昼夜血压变化与患者脑卒中的关系,为临床脑卒中的防治提供依据。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2012年3月~2014年12月在我院治疗的高血压伴脑卒中患者,纳入标准:①脑卒中经颅脑CT或核磁共振证实;②高血压诊断符合WHO高血压诊断标准;③患者及家属知情同意,签署知情同意书。排除标准:①继发性高血压;……

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