黄玉辉　梁家作　黄熊娟　冯诚诚　黄如葵　陈小凤　刘杏连　陈振东　秦健

摘要：【目的】寻找与苦瓜苗期耐低温表达调控相关的蛋白，深入了解苦瓜抗低温机理，为下一步开展苦瓜耐低温分子基础研究及苦瓜耐低温育种打下基礎。【方法】以耐冷型MC108和冷敏型MC6苦瓜品种为材料，运用双向电泳技术分析低温胁迫（8 ℃低温胁迫72 h）下苦瓜苗期叶片蛋白质差异变化。【结果】对2-DE图谱分析发现，冷敏型MC6和耐冷型MC108苦瓜品种间共存在82个差异蛋白点，其中，39个蛋白点上调，36个蛋白点下调，2个新增蛋白点，5个消失蛋白点；对其中24个表达量变化明显的蛋白质点进行MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS 分析，经数据库搜索匹配，鉴定出5个未知蛋白和14个功能蛋白，这些蛋白涉及细胞防御、自由基清除、光合作用、基础代谢、蛋白降解等多个功能类别。【结论】在逆境胁迫下苦瓜可通过调节多种蛋白表达来适应外界温度的变化。

关键词： 苦瓜；低温胁迫；差异蛋白；表达

中图分类号： S642.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2017）04-0594-07

Abstract：【Objective】In the present study， the proteins related to cold resistance regulation of Momordica charantia L. at seedling stage were searched for so as to explore mechanism of resistance to low temperature and laid foundation for M. charantia L. cold resistance molecule research and cold resistance variety breeding. 【Method】Cold-susceptible M. charantia L. MC6 and cold-resistant M. charantia L. MC108 were taken as materials. Difference of proteins in M. charantia L. leaves at seedling stage under low temperature stress（8 ℃ for 72 h） was analyzed by two dimensional electrophoresis. 【Result】2-DE map indicated that there were 82 differential protein spots between cold-susceptible M. charantia L. MC6 and cold-resistant M. charantia L. MC108. Among these protein spots， thirty-nine up-regulated， thirty-six down-regulated， two were newly added and five disappeared. MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS analysis was conducted on 24 proteins spots with obvious expre-

ssion difference. Through searching and matching in database， five unknown proteins and fourteen functional proteins were detected. These proteins were involved in cytophylaxis， radicals scavenging， photosynthesis， basic metabolism and protein degradation. 【Conclusion】Under stress， M. charantia L. can adapt to the temperature variation through regulating multiple proteins.

Key words： Momordica charantia L.； low temperature stress； differential protein； expression

0 引言

【研究意义】苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）起源于东南亚的热带地区，为葫芦科苦瓜属，短日照、冷敏性蔬菜，营养丰富，尤其维生素C含量位列瓜果类蔬菜之首，具有降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌及提高人体免疫力等功效，为我国城乡居民菜、药兼用。为了实现苦瓜周年供应和全面提高苦瓜生产的经济效益，近年来各地大力发展苦瓜四季栽培技术，但由于我国大部分地区冬春季节气温低，严重制约了苦瓜的全年生产，其中广西大多数地方常出现冬季寒露风和春季低温天气，尤其2～4月冷空气南下频繁，与南方暖湿气流交汇，形成连续或断续的低温阴雨天气，导致苦瓜等喜温性蔬菜落花落果而减产或绝收，严重阻碍了广西苦瓜产业的可持续发展。……