宋洁　郭华春　李婉琳　姚超

摘要：【目的】分析國际马铃薯中心（CIP）引进的马铃薯品系与国内资源的遗传差异，为马铃薯遗传资源的保存及育种利用提供参考依据。【方法】利用14对SSR引物对从CIP引进的32份马铃薯品系与35份国内资源进行聚类分析和主坐标分析。【结果】选取的14对引物目标条带清楚，多态性高，多态信息量（PIC）变幅为83.70%～96.03%，平均为92.62%。所有供试材料的遗传相似系数范围为0.3167～0.8333，平均为0.5763；国内材料的遗传相似系数范围为0.4833～0.7667，平均为0.5867。聚类分析结果表明，在遗传相似系数0.6000处可将试验材料分为六大类，第一类和第二类均包括18份材料，主要为从CIP引进的马铃薯品系；第三类包括5份材料，包括CIP引进马铃薯品系1份（D172）和国内马铃薯品种（系）4份（昆-3、云201、克疫85和紫云2号）；第四、五、六类分别包括7、10和8份材料，均为国内马铃薯品种（系）。主坐标分析可将所有材料分为两大类，第一类包括25份国内马铃薯品种（系），第二类包括10份国内马铃薯品种（系）和31份从CIP引进的马铃薯品系，其结果与相似性系数在0.5360处的聚类分析结果相符，可直观反映马铃薯资源类群。【结论】从CIP引进的马铃薯新品种（系）与国内现有品种（系）遗传距离较远，可丰富国内马铃薯种质资源，有较高的应用潜力。

关键词： 马铃薯；SSR分子标记；遗传差异；聚类分析；主坐标分析

中图分类号： S532 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2017）04-0567-07

Abstract：【Objective】In this study， genetic differences between potato strains introduced from International Potato Center（CIP） and domestic potato resources were analyzed， in order to provide reference for preservation and breeding of potato genetic resources. 【Method】Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis for 32 CIP potato strains and 35 domestic potato resources were conducted based on 14 SSR primer pairs. 【Result】The 14 primer pairs contained clear target bands and high polymorphism. Polymorphism information content（PIC） ranged from 83.70% to 96.03% and was 92.62% in average. Genetic similarity coefficient of all materials was 0.5763 in average， ranging from 0.3167 to 0.8333. Genetic similarity coefficient of domestic resources varied from 0.4833 to 0.7667， and averaged 0.5867. Cluster analysis indicated that the materials could be clustered into six groups by the similarity coefficient of 0.6000. Group Ⅰand Ⅱ contained 18 materials which were mainly potatoes introduced from CIP. Group Ⅲ was consistent of five materials， one CIP potato strain（D172） and four domestic varieties（strains）（Kun-3， Yun 201， Keyi 85 and Ziyun 2）. Group Ⅳ，Ⅴ and Ⅵ contained seven， ten and eight materials respectively and they were all domestic potato varieties（strains）. Principal coordinate analysis divided them into two groups， one contained twenty-five domestic potato varieties（strains） and the other contained ten domestic varieties（strains） and thirty-one PIC potato varieties（strains）. This result was in accordance with that when similarity coefficient was 0.5360， and could reflect the potato resource groups intuitively. 【Conclusion】The genetic distance between potato varieties（strains） introduced from CIP and domestic varieties（strains） is far. Therefore CIP potato varieties（strains） can enrich domestic potato resources and contain promising application potential.

Key words： potato； SSR molecular marker； genetic difference； cluster analysis； principal coordinate analysis

0 引言

【研究意义】云南省是我国马铃薯主产区，但目前云南省马铃薯品种单一，缺乏优质新品种，引种是丰富种质资源的有效途径（梁武和张德亮，2015）。……