张腊花+++陈亚莉++庞仲辉

[摘要] 目的 探究階段性护理在股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死治疗中的临床应用。 方法 选取陕西省第四人民医院（以下简称“我院”）2014年6月～2015年6月收治的股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死患者90例，采取随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组各45例，对照组给予常规护理，观察组给予阶段性护理，比较两组临床疗效、并发症发生率、治疗前后Harris评分及SF-12评分、护理满意度。 结果 观察组优良率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。两组治疗后Harris评分及SF-12评分均较治疗前升高，观察组较对照组升高更加显著，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。观察组护理满意度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 阶段性护理应用于股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死治疗中能够提高患者的临床效果，降低并发症发生率，改善临床功能及生活质量。

[关键词] 阶段性护理；股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死；疗效；生活质量

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2017）01（b）-0142-04

Clinical application of stage nursing in the treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head

ZHANG Lahua1 CHEN Yali2 PANG Zhonghui1

1.Department of Hand and Foot Surgery， the Fourth People's Hospital， Shaanxi Province， Xi′an 710043， China； 2.The Second Department of Bone Surgery， 215 Hospital of Xianyang City， Shaanxi Province， Xianyang 712000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore clinical application of stage nursing in the treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head. Methods 90 patients with avascular necrosis of femoral head from June 2014 to June 2015 treated in the Fourth People's Hospital， Shaanxi Province （"our hospital" for short） were selected. All patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table， 45 cases in each group. Routine nursing was used in control group， stage nursing was applied in observation group. Clinical effect， incidence rate of complication， Harris score and SF-12 score before and after treatment， nursing satisfaction between two groups were compared. Results The excellent and good rate of observation group was higher than that of control group， with statistically significant difference （P < 0.05）. The incidence rate of complication in observation group was lower than that in control group， with statistically significant difference （P < 0.05）. After treatment， the scores of Harris and SF-12 in two groups were higher than those before treatment， observation group was significantly higher than control group， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）. Nursing satisfaction rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group， with statistically significant difference （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Stage nursing applied in the treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head can improve clinical curative effect of patient， reduce the incidence rate of complication， improve clinical function and quality of life.

[Key words] Stage nursing； Avascular necrosis of femoral head； Curative effect； Quality of life

股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死又被称为Legg-Cave-Perthes病，发病原因通常与外伤相关，当发生骨内静脉引流障碍以及骨内压力增高后则可引起该病，临床上多表现为髋部疼痛、跛行、乏力等症状，对患者的健康安全造成了较大的影响[1]。因此，对于股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死不仅需采取积极有效的治疗方法，同时需给予妥善的护理对策[2]。以往临床工作中实施的常规护理仅可满足患者的基本需求，现陕西省第四人民医院（以下简称“我院”）开始实施阶段性护理，并观察其护理效果。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取我院2014年6月～2015年6月收治的股骨头骨骺缺血性坏死患者90例，均在我院行临床症状及体征、X线等影像学检查后确诊，自愿接受手术治疗，签署了关于本次试验的知情权同意书，采取随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组各45例。对照组中男25例，女20例；年龄14～25岁，平均（20.3±2.1）岁；……