行为视角下的双边风险报童问题研究
2017-03-13陈娜胡劲松
陈娜+胡劲松
摘 要:从行为视角出发,研究在供应和需求分别不确定的情况下,具损失概率厌恶和损失厌恶的报童可进行二次订购问题。构建了具有损失概率厌恶和损失厌恶报童的双边前景值函数,证明其前景值函数的凹性,推导出其最优订货量满足的条件,并进行了行为参数的比较静态分析和数值算例。比较静态分析发现:随报童对最好结果重视程度的增加,将增大订购量;随对最差结果重视程度的增加,将减少订购量。数值计算结果表明:随损失概率敏感度的增加,报童的最优订购量减少,其前景值减少;随获利概率敏感度的增加,报童的最优订购量增加,其前景值增加;随损失厌恶系数的增加,报童的最優订购量减少,其前景值减少。
关键词:报童问题;双边风险;损失厌恶;损失概率厌恶
中图分类号:F253 文献标识码:A
Abstract: From a behavioral perspective, the newsvendor problem considering the supply and demand uncertainty was studied, and the newsboy with the probability of loss aversion and loss aversion had two ordering opportunities. The function of bilateral prospect value with the probability of loss aversion and loss aversion newsboy was built, and the concavity of the prospect value function was proved, and the conditions about the optimal order quantity was deduced, and the behavior parameters of static analysis was compared, and a numerical example was gave. Comparative static analysis found that: the optimal order quantity increases(decrease)with the importance to the extreme gain(loss)increasing; numerical results show that with the increase of the loss probability sensitivity, the newsboy decreases the optimal quantity and the prospect value decreases; with the increase of the profit probability sensitivity, the newsboy increases the optimal quantity and the prospect value increases; with the increase of loss aversion coefficient, the newsboy decreases the optimal quantity and the prospect value decreases.
Key words: newsvendor problem; bilateral reorder; loss aversion; probability of loss aversion
0 引 言
报童问题是库存管理领域中的一类经典问题,自20世纪80年代以来,就受到国内外学者的广泛关注并取得了大量的研究性成果,各类报童模型的研究也被广泛运用于电子、时装、生鲜等易逝品行业策略制定方面。其中,面对随机需求市场,基本的假设均认为订货机会只有一次,但现实环境中的现货市场为二次订货提供了机会,从而由Lau和Lau[1-2]提出了在销售期内的某个时间点零售商有第二次订货机会的数学模型。进而王圣东和周永务(2009)[3]在此基础上研究了带有二次订购的单制造商多销售商协调模型,通过数值算例发现二次订购情况下的期望总利润会有所提高。……
