刘丰兵+钱敏+袁金+张菁菁

摘 要 目的：分析2015年杨浦区长白街道居民死因现状及其规律，为完善疾病预防干预措施、评价其效果提供依据。方法：收集2015年长白街道户籍居民的死亡及人口监测资料，按国际疾病分类法ICD-10标准进行分类，使用死亡率、构成比等对居民死因监测资料进行描述性统计分析。结果：居民总死亡率为982.94/10万，男性为977.45/10万，女性为988.71/10万，女性死亡率略高于男性；前5位死因顺位依次为循环系统疾病，恶性肿瘤，呼吸系统疾病，内分泌代谢疾病和消化系统疾病，占全死因的92.51%。结论：慢性非传染性疾病是长白街道居民死亡的主要死因，应有针对性地开展健康教育和健康促进工作，提高长白街道居民的健康寿命和生活质量。

关键词 死因监测；死亡率；构成比；死因顺位

中图分类号：R195.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2017）02-0052-04

Analysis of the death cause surveillance of residents in Changbai Community of Yangpu District， Shanghai in 2015

LIU Fengbing， QIAN Min， YUAN Jin， ZHANG Jingjing

（Changbai Community Health Service Center of Yangpu District， Shanghai 200093， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To analyze the current status and regularity of death of the residents in Changbai Community， Yangpu District in 2015 to provide a basis for improving the disease prevention and intervention measures and evaluating the effectiveness. Methods： The deaths and population surveillance data of Changbai permanent residents in 2015 were collected and classified according to International Classification of Diseases（ICD）-10 classification criteria. The death surveillance data were descriptively counted and analyzed with mortality ratio and constituent ratio. Results： The total mortality rate was 982.94/100 000 the male mortality rate was 977.45/100 000 the female one 988.71/100 000 and the female mortality rate was slightly higher than that the male one. The top 5 death causes were circulatory system diseases， cancer， respiratory diseases， endocrine and metabolic diseases and digestive system diseases that accounted for 92.51% of the total death causes. Conclusion： Chronic noncommunicable diseases are the main causes of the death of the residents in Changbai Community. The health education and health promotion should be targeted to carry out to improve the health and quality of life of residents in Changbai Community.

KEY WORDS death surveillance； mortality； constituent ratio； death cause order

随着人民物质生活水平的不断提高、生活方式的改变、环境的恶化及人口老龄化等多因素的影响，居民的疾病谱及死因也发生了改变。对人口死亡原因进行分析是一项居民生命统计的主要内容，死因顺位可以在一定程度上反映死亡原因造成死亡在总体死亡数中的比例，有规律的反映当地居民健康，同时也反应某地区的卫生水平情况、居民身体健康水平和疾病危害程度，为掌握危害居民身体健康的主要疾病提供有力的数据基础，也为相应的疾病预防提供依据[1]。为了解上海市杨浦区长白街道户籍居民死因现状及其规律，为疾病防治工作提供相关依据，提高居民的健康寿命和生活质量，现将 2015年杨浦区长白街道居民死亡监测情况分析如下。……