葛莹+杨旦红+王芳

摘 要 目的：调查恶性肿瘤患者及亲属的心理健康，探讨心理干预的临床效果。方法：选择2013年9月—2014年10月在本社区建立家庭病床的恶性肿瘤患者80例作为研究对象，随机分对照组40例，试验组40例。对照组给予常规治疗，试验组在常规治疗的基础上对患者和亲属进行心理干预治疗。在心理干预前、干预4周、8周、12周后，分别用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对患者进行评分，观察不同治疗时间两组肿瘤患者HAMA、HAMD评分的变化，分析不同治疗时间上心理干预对恶性肿瘤患者的作用。结果：与干预前相比，试验组患者心理干预后HAMA、HAMD评分较干预前降低（P<0.05），并随着干预时间的延长下降趋势逐渐显著（P<0.01），差异均有统计学意义。结论：针对恶性肿瘤患者和亲属共同心理干预治疗有利于改善恶性肿瘤患者的心理健康水平。

关键词 恶性肿瘤；亲属；心理干预；心理健康

中图分类号：R749.92 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2017）02-0049-03

Influence of psychological intervention on the community family sickbed patients with malignant tumors and their relatives

GE Ying， YANG Danhong， WANG Fang

（Jinshan Industrial Zone Health Service Center of Jinshan District， Shanghai 201506， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the psychological health of patients with malignant tumor and their relatives to probe into the clinical effect of psychological intervention on the patients. Methods： From September 2013 to October 2014， 80 cases of malignant tumor whose family sickbeds were established in the community were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into a control group with 40 cases and an experimental group with 40 ones. The patients in the control group were given the conventional treatment and the patients and their relatives in the experimental group were given psychological intervention treatment on the basis of the conventional treatment. Before and after 4， 8 and 12 weeks of the psychological intervention， Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA）and Hamilton depression scale（HAMD）were used to evaluate the patients and the changes of HAMA and HAMD scores of the tumor patients in two groups were observed to analyze the effect of psychological intervention on them in different treatment times. Results： Compared with before intervention， he HAMA and HAMD scores of the experimental group were lower than those before the intervention（P<0.05）， and with the extension of the intervention time， the downward trend was gradually significant and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）. Conclusion： The psychological intervention for both the malignant tumor patients and their relatives is beneficial to improve their mental health levels.

KEY WORDS malignant tumor； relatives； psychological intervention； mental health

隨着人口结构的转变，老龄人口以及城市人口的增长，我国的疾病模式也随之发生变化。恶性肿瘤的死因顺位，近年来在城市已上升到第一位。恶性肿瘤是威胁人类生命的疾病，也是一种复杂的身心疾病。随着心理科学向肿瘤临床的渗透、心理社会肿瘤学研究的深入以及肿瘤心理神经免疫学的发展，医学模式逐渐从传统的生物医学模式转变为生物？心理？社会医学模式，因此，心理因素在肿瘤的治疗过程中具有重要的临床意义和研究价值。我们自2013年9月—2015年10月以恶性肿瘤患者和亲属为研究对象，通过调查其心理健康，建立行之有效的针对恶性肿瘤患者和亲属的心理干预模式，取得了良好效果。现报告如下。……