妊娠高血压疾病的相关因素临床分析
2016-12-28翁海霞
翁海霞


[摘要] 目的 探讨引起妊娠高血压疾病的相关因素及干预措施。 方法 将2014年1月~2016年5月河北省孟村回族自治县医院妇产科收治的妊娠高血压疾病患者50例作为观察组,按照1∶1选择同期进行产检分娩的健康孕妇作为对照组,比较两组产妇妊娠高血压疾病相关因素的差异。 结果 单因素分析结果显示,两组年龄、孕前体重指数及孕期增加程度、高血压家族史、孕产次、文化程度、工作状况、生活方式、家庭经济收入、居住地、户籍、血钙浓度、产检情况、孕期负性情绪比较差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。多因素回归分析结果显示,妊娠高血压疾病的独立危险因素分别为妊娠年龄大(OR = 4.22,95%CI:2.78~28.45)、孕期体重指数高(OR = 3.97,95%CI:1.98~29.25)、孕期负性情绪(OR = 3.56,95%CI:2.01~31.68)、未定期产前检查(OR = 3.08,95%CI:1.98~26.27)、农村孕妇(OR = 2.89,95%CI:1.65~24.40)。 结论 妊娠期高血压疾病的高危因素复杂,应实施针对性干预措施减少妊娠高血压疾病的发生:选择适育年龄孕育、提高产前检查依从性、实施心理支持、加强体重控制、普及农村产前保健。
[关键词] 妊娠高血压疾病;危险因素;干预措施
[中图分类号] R714.246 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2016)10(c)-0107-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the related factors and intervention measures of pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods From January 2014 to May 2016, 50 cases of patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mengcun Hui Autonomous County were selected as the observation group, the delivery of healthy pregnant women at the same period were chosen as the control group according to the 1∶1, maternal related factors of the two groups were compared. Results Single factor analysis showed that, the age, pre-pregnancy body mass index and pregnancy increase degree, family history of gestational hypertension, gravidity and parity history, culture degree, working condition, life style, family income, place of residence, native place, calcium concentration, situation of regular production inspection, pregnancy stress of the two groups had statistically significant differences (P < 0.05); multivariate regression analysis showed that, the independent risk factors of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy were pregnancy age (OR = 4.22, 95%CI: 2.78-28.45), higher body mass index (OR = 3.97, 95%CI: 1.98-29.25) during pregnancy, negative emotions (OR = 3.56, 95%CI: 2.01-31.68), OR = 3.08 (without regular prenatal examination, 95%CI: 1.98-26.27), pregnant women in rural areas (OR = 2.89, 95%CI: 1.65-24.40). Conclusion The high risk factors of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy is complex, the intervention measures should be implemented to reduce the incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension: chose the appropriate age to breed, improve the compliance of prenatal care, the implementation of psychological support, strengthen weight control, popularize the rural prenatal care.
[Key words] Pregnancy induced hypertension disease; Risk factors; Intervention measures
妊娠高血压疾病是妊娠期女性特有的病症,主要表现为蛋白尿、高血压以及伴有损害多器官的全身症状,该病常发生于妊娠20周后,是造成孕产妇、围生儿死亡及预后困难的主要原因,严重威胁母婴生命健康[1],目前妊娠高血压疾病的病因与发病机制仍未确定,尚无彻底治疗妊娠高血压疾病的方法,且妊娠高血压疾病筛查研究多进行于孕中期,传统应用的血压监测和母体血清标志物筛选由于试验的精确度要求及繁琐性不能得到普遍应用,但其病理变化是一个逐步进展过程[2],因此进行妊娠高血压疾病危险因素的流行病学研究,掌握妊娠高血压疾病高危因素、发生规律,根据可能发病因素及时采取相应的措施进行干预,可以减少预防妊娠高血压疾病的发生及发展,对改善孕产妇和围生儿结局具有重要意义,是预防控制妊娠高血压疾病发生或恶化重要方法[3]。……
