身体哲学范式与体育论旨间的互窥
2016-11-07张再林
张再林
摘 要:一种以中国古老的射艺为原型的人类体育研究表明,在身体哲学范式与体育论旨之间存在着可以互为发明的一致性:二者都体现了诸如“知行合一”、“身德不二”、“体美兼济”、“身神合一”等鲜明的属性和特征。这一切意味着,寻本而追源,人类体育宗旨并非是培养“四肢发达、头脑简单”的畸形的人、单向度的人,而是服务于身心灵一体、真善美兼综的“全人”教育,也即真正意义上的“大学”教育。因此,认识到这一点,不仅为我们指向了人的全面和谐发展的一条极其重要的途径;也使向真正的大学之道的回归成为今人所必须直面的历史使命。
关 键 词:体育哲学;身体哲学范式;体育论旨;知行合一;全人教育
中图分类号:G852 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2016)05-0013-08
Abstract: The physical education research, focus on the ancient Chinese art of archery, indicates that body philosophy and physical education can understand each other and have some common attributes including the unity of knowledge and practice, body and morality, body and aesthetics, and body and heaven. The above all manifests originally that the intent of physical education is not to produce deformed and one-dimensional man with well-developed limbs but sim-ple-minded head, but to cultivate the whole person with body, heart and soul incorporated, and truth, good and beauty synthesized, which is truly “University” education. Consequently, realizing this is not just to point out a very important way to be harmonious and all-rounded person for us, but also make the return of true spirits of university be our mis-sion.
Key words: sports philosophy;paradigm of body philosophy;intent of physical education;unity of knowledge and practice;whole person education
近些年来,身体哲学范式的推出为体育性质的认识提供了思辨的路引,反之亦然,体育学科自身的深入研究又反过来为这种身体哲学范式提供了坚实的支撑和具体的实证。下面,我们将以中国古代射艺为例,对这种两者的互为发明从4个方面加以说明。而我们之所以以古代射艺为例,不仅在于它以其举国性、竞技性、祭祀性等性质,堪与古希腊经典的体育活动相媲美,乃为中国传统体育之集中代表和最初原型,而且还在于一如“射”字从“身”从“寸”,而“寸”字乃有规矩尺度之义那样,正是在射艺之中,使身体的“范式”与体育的“规律”二者间的比较和互勘得以成为真正的可能。
1 知行合一
知行合一是身体最为独特也最为根本的哲学范式。……
