青藏高原地区气候变化对农作物生长的影响
2016-10-21洛桑旺姆达琼其米玉珍等
洛桑旺姆 达琼 其米玉珍等


摘要在前人研究的基础上,从气温、降水及湿润指数三方面探讨了青藏高原地区气候状况,并分析了该地区气候变化对农作物生长的影响。结果表明,青藏高原地区与其他地区相比,气候变化大,随着全球气候变暖,该地区气温及降水总体上呈现增加趋势,高原植被好的区域气温变化小,但降水变化大,该地区近些年气温变化小,且气温呈现出逐渐增加趋势,对该地区农业生产是非常有利的,但还是有一些不适宜农业生产的地方,青藏高原地区应该因地制宜地种植农作物,促进农业的可持续发展。
关键词青藏高原;气候变化;农作物;生长;影响
中图分类号S162文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2016)04-247-02
Effects of Climate Change in QinghaiTibet Plateau on Crop Growth
Luosangwangmu, Daqiong, Qimiyuzhen et al (Meteorological Bureau of Shannan District, Shannan, Tibet 856000)
AbstractBased on previous research, climate status of QinghaiTibet Plateau was discussed from three aspects of temperature, precipitation and humidity index. Effects of climate change on crop growth were analyzed. Results showed that compared with other regions, QinghaiTibet Plateau had relatively great climate change. Under the situation of global warming, temperature and precipitation showed a rising trend in QinghaiTibet Plateau. Areas with relatively abundant plateau vegetations had slight temperature changes but great precipitation changes. QinghaiTibet Plateau had small temperature change in recent years; and the temperature showed a gradually increasing trend, which were helpful to agricultural production. However, there were still some disadvantages. Crop should be planted according to the local situation in QinghaiTibet Plateau, so as to promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
Key wordsQinghaiTibet Plateau; Climate change; Crop; Growth; Impact
天氣系统在高原地区具有较大变化,高原地形对其有较大的“加工”作用,青藏高原会对天气系统产生减弱或增强的效果。青藏高原对气候变化比较敏感,其他地区可以将其作为预测气候变化的先兆区。青藏高原正发生的气候变化最显著的是变暖和变湿,且它经历的气候变暖比其周围地区更激烈。受气候变化的影响,青藏高原的生态系统发生了显著的变化。许建初[1]研究发现冬季变暖可能会使冬季休眠期的植物所需的低温满足时间推迟,导致植物返青的推后;气温的持续上升可能会逆转大部分植物生长季延长的现象,从而大大缩短植物的生长季。气候变暖也改变了农业区种植制度,两季作物适宜种植的面积扩大,推动了农业生产和增加了农民收入,但另一方面,气候变暖使极端天气事件频发,气候的不稳定性增加,也对农业产生不利的影响。……
