三江源地区森林资源生态保护中存在的问题及对策
2016-10-21李永金
李永金

摘要介绍了三江源地区及青海省玉树藏族自治州的概况,以及玉树州森林资源的现状及特点,针对技术人才缺乏,旅游污染严重,监督机构不健全,监督工作不到位的问题,从加强基础设施建设,提高人员素质,开发可持续性生态旅游计划,生态移民政策与发展高原特色农业相结合,建立森林资源生态系统服务功能价值评估体系及专门的监督机构几方面,提出了玉树州森林资源保护的建议。
关键词森林资源;生态保护;玉树州
中图分类号S181文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2016)04-216-03
Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Ecological Protection of Forest Resources in Sanjiangyuan Region—A Case Study of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province
LI Yongjin(The Veterinary and Vocational Technical College in Qinghai,Xining,Qinghai 812100)
AbstractThe general situation of Sanjiangyuan Region and Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province was introduced,as well as status and characteristics of forest resources in Yushu Prefecture. Aiming at the problems such as lack of technical personnel,serious tourism pollution,imperfect supervision agencies and unfulfillment of supervision work,several suggestions for protection were proposed from aspects of strengthening infrastructure construction,improving personnel quality,developing a sustainable ecotourism program,combining ecological migration policy and the development of plateau characteristic agriculture,establishing forest resources ecosystem service function value assessment system,constructing a special supervisory body.
Key wordsYushu Prefecture; Forest resources; Ecological protection
近年来,全球森林面积下降速度有所减缓,但下降面积仍高达730×104 hm2/a。森林在维持全球生态系统平衡和健康,减缓气候变化,供应清洁水源,可持续供应可再生能源,维护全球粮食安全,提供休憩和恢复身心的场所等方面作用突出[1-2]。三江源头森林资源是青藏高原高寒生态系统的重要组成部分,对我国江河中下游地区的生态环境安全和区域可持续发展有着重要意义[3]。近年来,由于人们对经济利益的过度追求,对区域内动植物资源加以掠夺,导致生态环境不断恶化,使得一些珍稀动植物资源濒临灭绝。目前,我国学者对三江源地区森林资源的保护、开发与评价方面开展了一些研究,如赵串串等[3]研究表明,三江源区森林资源处于弱持续状态,源区森林资源地带性分布明显,但不均匀,森林类型多但生产力低,森林林龄结构合理,但异质性差;王世红[4]通过分析三江源森林资源现状及问题,提出了一些针对性的建议;……
