刘美见 王英华 张丽等

摘要[目的]探究蜜蜂活动增强剂保丽蕊对蜜蜂活动、蓝莓坐果率及产量的影响。[方法]在近蜂房处和远蜂房处设立试验区和对照区，在5 min内对蜜蜂的访花次数进行调查；在蓝莓种植园设置试验区和对照区，调查蓝莓坐果率及产量。[结果]保丽蕊能明显提高蜜蜂访花频率，5 min内，近蜂箱处，试验区、对照区蜜蜂访花次数分别为5.3、2.2次；远蜂箱区，访花次数分别为3.5、1.0次。蜜蜂活动增强剂保丽蕊能明显提升蓝莓坐果率及作物产量：离蜂房50、100 m处，试验区较对照区蓝莓坐果率分别提升54.6%、66.1%；试验区较对照区蓝莓产量能提高21.43%。[结论]蜜蜂活动增强剂保丽蕊能够明显增强蜜蜂活动，提高蜜蜂对蓝莓的授粉效果，增加蓝莓坐果率和产量。

关键词蜜蜂活动增强剂；保丽蕊；蜜蜂；访花频率；坐果率

中图分类号S66文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2016）04-059-02

The Application Effect of Bee Activity Enhancer Baolirui in Blueberry

LIU Meijian1， WANG Yinghua2， ZHANG Li3， ZHANG Zhaoran2* et al （1. Shenzhen Bailebao Biological Technology Co. Ltd.， Shenzhen， Guangdong 518040； 2. Fushun Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fushun， Liaoning 113300； 3. School of Plant Protection， Yunnan Agricultural Universit， Kunming， Yunnan 650201）

Abstract[Objective] To explore effects of bees activity enhancer Baolirui on activities， fruit setting rate and yield of blueberry. [Method] Setting test area and control area near and far from beehive， flower visiting times within 5 minutes were investigated； meanwhile， setting teat area and control area in blueberry plantation， fruit setting rate and yield was surveyed. [Result]Baolirui can significantly improve visitation frequency within five minutes， nearly beehive at the test area and control area the bees visiting flowers were 5.3 and 2.2 times； away from the beehive area， flower visiting times were 3.5， 1.0 times. Meanwhile， Baolirui can improve the percentage of fruit setting rate. Compared with the control area， the percentage of fruit increased respectively 54.6% and 66.1%， in the areas away from the beehive of 50 meters and 100 metres； compared with the control area， the experimental area yield can increase 21.43%. [Conclusion]Baolirui can significantly enhance the activities， improve the effect of bee pollination to blueberries， and increase the fruit setting rate and acre yield.

Key wordsBee activity enhancer； Baolirui；Bee； Frequency of staying flowers； Fruit setting rate

藍莓（Semen trigonellae）又名蓝浆果，为杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）越橘属（Vaccinium）多年生灌木果树[1-3]。蓝莓果中含丰富的花色素苷、黄酮等多种多酚类活性成分，其抗氧化活性较高，具有提高免疫力、抗衰老等多种生理性功能[4-7]。蓝莓自交结实率较低，不宜使用人工授粉，同时靠风传播花粉比较困难，目前蓝莓授粉主要靠昆虫来完成[1]。蜜蜂是开花作物的主要授粉昆虫，1只蜜蜂可以携带5 000～10 000粒花粉，每日每只工蜂采集花粉至少6次[8]，蜜蜂周身所带的花粉粒比任何昆虫都要高，故提升作物中的蜜蜂数量，可提高授粉质量，增强作物坐果率并提高作物产量。

深圳百乐宝生物农业科技有限公司生产的蜜蜂活动增强剂保丽蕊可通过缓释装置向作物田释放天然的植物香氛和工蜂信息素，吸引和集中蜜蜂，增强授粉、提高坐果。……