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基于RLS90模型与Kriging插值的城市交通道路噪声预测

2016-10-21周强波徐翰

安徽农业科学 2016年4期

周强波 徐翰

摘要[目的]为建立道路交通噪声预测和应用系统提供基础数据。[方法]运用GIS空间分析中的Kriging插值方法与RLS90模型相结合对城市交通道路噪声进行模拟预测,通过RLS90模型的声源模型与声传模型计算道路噪声值,运用Kriging插值方法进行空间模拟,对道路噪音未知样点进行线性无偏最优预测,并以湖南省长沙市芙蓉区雍景园典型小区为例,进行了验证。[结果]实例应用结果表明,长沙市芙蓉区雍景园小区5个测量地点的噪声预测值(67.40 dB)与测量值(66.26 dB)的空间分布和传播趋于一致。[结论] Kriging插值方法与RLS90模型相结合可以运用于道路交通噪声的實时预测和决策。

关键词Kriging插值;RLS90模型;道路噪声预测

中图分类号S181文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2016)04-103-03

Predictive Analysis of Traffic Noise in Urban Roads Based on RLS90 Model and Kriging Interpolation

——A Case of a Given Community in Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province

ZHOU Qiangbo, XU Han (230 Institute of Nuclear Industry, Changsha, Hunan 410007)

Abstract[Objective] To provide basic data for the prediction and application system of traffic noise in roads. [Method] Simulating prediction of traffic noise in urban roads was carried out by Kriging interpolation method and RLS90 model in GIS spatial analysis. Road noise value was calculated by sound source model and sound transmission model in RLS90 model; spatial simulation was carried out by Kriging interpolation method; linear unbiased prediction was adopted by the unknown sample sites of road noise. With a given community in Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province as an example, verification test was carried out. [Result] Spatial distribution and transmission of noise prediction value (67.40 dB) and measured values (66.26 dB) tended to be uniform in five measuring sites of Furong District. [Conclusion] Combining the Kriging interpolation method with RLS90 model can be applied in the prediction and decision making of road traffic noise.

Key wordsKriging interpolation; RLS90 model; Road traffic noise

近年来,随着城市汽车数量的急剧增加,导致城市交通噪声污染问题突出。目前,国内外对城市交通道路噪声监测开展的研究较多,如Glacier等[1]采用实际监测采样方法,对西班牙7个主要城市50个固定监测点进行长达20年的监测,得出一系列噪音分布图,并分析了西班牙主要城市交通噪声特征;英国的CRTN88模型适用于距离长、顺畅的高峰交通流,可以简单处理墙体对噪声反射的影响[2];美国FHWA模型主要用于高速公路匀速车流的交通噪声预测,但未考虑道路坡度、路面性质、气象条件以及多重反射对噪声交通中断对噪声值的影响[3];我国公布的GB17247.21998《声学 户外声传播的衰减第2部分:一般计算方法》等效采用了上述国际标准,计算原理考虑了噪声的衰减、散射、反射、吸收等[3]。……

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