论《本草纲目》与《本草备要》版本体例之异同
2016-10-20邓勇程新黄辉
邓勇+程新+黄辉
摘要:《本草纲目》与《本草备要》均为明清时期极具代表性的本草类著作,二者在成书背景、版本系统、编撰体例等方面,既有相似之处,又各具特点。版本方面,《本草纲目》以“金陵本”“江西本”“合肥本”三大版本系统为主;《本草备要》则由原著者汪昂增订而成《增订本草备要》,并以此两者为母版,延伸出两大版本系统。体例方面,《本草纲目》论述详实,所列药物项目完备;《本草备要》由博返约,所列药物款目更偏重于实用。二书一繁一简,一全一便,一注重广博,一长在实用,既同且异。
关键词:《本草纲目》;《本草备要》;版本;体例;李时珍;汪昂
中图分类号:R281.3;G256.22 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-5707(2016)04-0048-03
Discussion on the Similarities and Differences in the Version and Style of Ben Cao Gang Mu and Ben Cao Bei Yao
DENG Yong, CHENG Xin, HUANG Hui*
(Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei Anhui 230038, China)
Abstract: Ben Cao Gang Mu and Ben Cao Bei Yao are representative works of Chinese Materia Medica in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are similarities as well as unique characteristics in the version, style, compilation ideas and purposes of the two books. In the version aspect, “Jinling Version”, “Jiangxi Version” and “Hefei Version” are the three versions of the system of Ben Cao Gang Mu. Due to the revision and enlargement of the author (Wang Ang), Ben Cao Bei Yao developed into Supplement of Ben Cao Bei Yao, Based on the two versions, two version systems were extended. In the style, detailed discussion and complete entry are the important characteristics of the Ben Cao Gang Mu. Explaining profound theories in simple language and more emphasis on practical entry are the unique features of the Ben Cao Bei Yao. There are similarities and difference between the two books.
Key words: Ben Cao Gang Mu; Ben Cao Bei Yao; version; style; Li Shizhen; Wang Ang
《本草纲目》与《本草备要》均为明清时期极具代表性的本草类著作。明代医家李时珍“复者芟之,阙者辑之,讹者绳之”,“采其精粹”,撰成集明代以前本草学大成之著作《本草纲目》。清代医家汪昂“爰采诸家之长,辑为《本草备要》”,将浩繁渊博的中医医理与方药去粗取精、由博返
1 成书背景
1.1 考古证今,著成《本草纲目》
李时珍(1518-1593年),字东璧,号濒湖,湖北蕲春人,出身世医之家,23岁弃儒习医。王世贞在《本草纲目》序中曰:“古有本草一书,自炎皇及汉、梁、唐、宋,下迨国朝,注解群氏旧矣。第其中舛谬差讹遗漏不可枚数。”李时珍在“遗表”中曰“若不类分品列,何以印定群疑”,故“奋编摩之志,僭纂述之权……不揣猥愚……考古证今……访采四方……搜罗百氏”。对诸家本草,“复者芟之,阙者辑之,讹者绳之……采其精粹”,历经二十七载,终于编撰成功[1]。
1.2 爰采诸家,辑为《本草备要》
