谢志萍 杨昆 李泽城

摘要：针对滇池流域非点源污染应急响应、模拟及数据挖掘过程中，现有的基于关系数据库建立的时空数据模型进行了分析并指出其不足，提出了基于MongoDB及面向对象时空数据模型改进的文档型时空数据模型，以有效组织、存储与管理非点源数据；最后设计了滇池流域非点源污染时空数据管理系统，实现不同来源、格式数据的导入导出、编辑、索引及高级运算功能。试验证明，系统在存储、管理和维护海量时空数据等方面得到了提升，能为滇池流域非点源污染时空过程数据的模拟以及大数据挖掘提供统一的访问接口和数据支撑。

关键词：面向对象时空数据模型；MongoDB；滇池流域；非点源污染

中图分类号：P208 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）05-1295-06

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.053

Research and Application on Document Type Spatio-temporal Data Model of

Non-point Source Pollution in Dianchi Lake Basin

XIE Zhi-ping1a，2，YANG Kun1a，2，LI Ze-cheng1b，2

（1.a.School of Information Science and Technology；b.School of Tourism and Geographic Science，Yunnan Normal University，Kunming 650500，China；

2.GIS Technology Engineering Research Center for West-China Resources and Environment of Educational Ministry，Kunming 650500，China）

Abstract：In the non-point source pollution in Dianchi Lake Basin emergency response， simulation and data mining process， the existing temporal data model based on a relational database were analyzed and its shortcomings were pointed out，an improved model based on MongoDB and object-oriented spatio-temporal data model was proposed to organize， store and manage the non-point source data； Finally， the non-point source pollution spatio-temporal data management system of Dianchi Lake Basin was designed to achieve the following functions， such as importing & exporting，editing， indexing and advanced operation function of different sources or format data. The experiment results showed that，the system had been improved in storage， management and maintenance of huge amounts of spatial-temporal data， which could provide a unified access interface and data support for the data simutation and big data mining of non-point source pollution spatio-temporal process in Dianchi lake Basin.

Key words： object-oriented spatio-temporal data model； MongoDB； Dianchi Lake Basin； non-point source pollution

近年來，滇池流域点源污染经过治理已得到有效控制，而非点源污染问题却越来越突出，其产生来源范围广、隐蔽性与潜伏性强、随机性大，主要通过淋溶与降雨径流的冲刷作用，促使污染物汇入水体[1]。为了研究非点源污染的产生与扩散情况，设计了滇池流域非点源污染的时空过程模拟应急响应示范系统、SWMM、SWAT、ABM、叶绿素反演模拟等。但这些系统“信息孤岛”现象严重，系统大多强调的是空间数据的分析、处理及可视化等功能，而忽略了空间数据统一存储、管理和维护。对此需设计一个非点源污染空间数据的管理系统为研究提供统一的访问数据的接口的同时，支持海量数据的存储和管理。然……