喙尾琵琶甲化学防御物质气相色谱—质谱分析及抑菌试验
2016-10-19郭明磊刘建宏
郭明磊 刘建宏
摘要:对喙尾琵琶甲(Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai)化学防御物质的抑菌作用进行了研究。结果表明,喙尾琵琶甲化学防御物质能够抑制细菌的生长,且对革兰氏阳性菌的抑制效果好于革兰氏阴性菌;用二氯甲烷萃取喙尾琵琶甲化学防御物质,经过气相色谱—质谱分析,共鉴定出25种化合物,占总量的90.15%,其最主要成分是2-乙基-2,5-环己二烯-1,4-二酮、二十二碳烯酰胺、十八碳烯酰胺、十三碳烯、2-甲基-2,5-环己二烯-1,4-二酮。
关键词:喙尾琵琶甲(Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai);化学防御物质;抑菌试验;气相色谱—质谱分析
中图分类号:S718.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2016)05-1271-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.046
GC-MS and Antibiotic Activity of Chemical Defense Substances of Blaps Rynchopetera
GUO Ming-lei, LIU Jiang-hong
(College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China)
Abstract: This experiment was aimed to study the antibiotic effect of the chemical defense substances from Blaps rynchopetera. The results showed that the defensive chemicals could inhibit the growth of bacteria, and the effects on gram positive bacteria were better than on gram negative bacteria. The chemical defense substances were extracted by dichloromethane and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The identified chemical compositions were about 90.15 percent of the total Blaps rynchopetera weight and contained 25 kinds of compounds, such as 2-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, docosene amide, octadecenoic amide, tridecene, 2-ethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione etc.
Key words: Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai; chemical defense substances; anti-bacteria test; GC-MS
昆蟲为了适应环境,呈现出多种防御方式,其中化学防御是昆虫最为有效的防御方式,它在昆虫防御行为中起决定性作用[1]。昆虫的化学防御,是指当昆虫受到惊扰或遇到天敌伤害时,就放出气体或臭味使天敌避开,或者用毒针螯刺天敌的防御行为;化学防御物质主要由食物成分合成;昆虫的化学防御物质主要有烷烃类、烯类、醛类、酮类、酸类、胺类、萜类、脂类、醌类、甾类等组成的混合物[2,3]。
喙尾琵琶甲(Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai),属鞘翅目(Coleopter)、拟步甲(Tenebrionida)、琵琶甲属(Blaps)昆虫,主要分布在云南、贵州和四川,其中云南的分布最为集中[4]。在云南民间,人们主要用来抗菌消炎和抗癌等。目前,国内学者对喙尾琵琶甲的研究主要集中在其药理作用(即抑菌活性)和化学成分的研究方面[5-8]。本研究用气相色谱—质谱分析喙尾琵琶甲化学防御物质的化学成分,并研究化学防御物质的抑菌活性,对喙尾琵琶甲化学防御机理进行初步探讨。……
