枇杷果皮内生真菌生物学特性
2016-10-19曾垄钢鲁海菊卢宁强潘柳君郑肖兰
曾垄钢 鲁海菊 卢宁强 潘柳君 郑肖兰
摘要:本试验采用生长速率法对抗石榴干腐病病原真菌的6株枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)果皮内生真菌进行生物学特性研究。结果表明,PGSC8菌株在PDA培养基中生长最好,PGSC9在PDA和CA培养基中生长最好,PGSC1、PGSC5、PGSC6、PGSC7 4个菌株在PSA培养基中菌丝生长最好。供试的碳源中,PGSC5和PGSC6 2个菌株最适碳源为麦芽糖,PGSC1、PGSC7、PGSC8、PGSC9 4个菌株最适碳源为可溶性淀粉。供试氮源中,PGSC6、PGSC9 2个菌株最适氮源为牛肉膏,PGSC7菌株最适氮源为酵母膏和牛肉膏,PGSC1、PGSC5、PGSC8 3个菌株最适氮源为蛋白胨。所有参试菌株适宜菌丝生长的pH为中性或偏碱性,PGSC7最适合的生长温度为25 ℃,其余5个菌株最适合的生长温度为30 ℃。全光照处理有利于参试菌株菌絲生长。
关键词:枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica); 内生真菌; 石榴干腐病; 生物学特性
中图分类号:S667.3;S476+.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2016)05-1168-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.020
Study of Biological Characteristics of Bio-control Endophytic Fungi
from Eriobotrya japonica
ZENG Long-gang1,2, LU Hai-ju1, LU Ning-qiang1, PAN Liu-jun1, ZHENG Xiao-lan3
(1.Department of Life Science and Technology, Honghe College,Mengzi 661199, Yunnan,China;
2.Yunnan Pingbian Plant Protecting Station, Pingbian 661200, Yunnan,China;
3.Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Danzhou 571737, Hainan,China)
Abstract: The effects of medium, carbon and nitrogen source, pH, temperature and illumination were tested by mycelium growth rate for 6 Eriobotrya japonica endophyte strains significantly antagonized pathogen of fruit dry rot of pomegranate. The results showed that the proper growth medium of PGSC8 strain was PDA. PGSC9 strain was PDA and CA. The other 4 strains was PSA. In the tested carbon sources, the proper carbon source of 2 strains including PGSC5 and PGSC6 was the maltose. The other 4 strains was the soluble starch. In the tested nitrogen sources, the proper nitrogen source of 2 strains including PGSC6 and PGSC9 was the beef extract, and PGSC7 strain was the yeast extract and the beef extract. The other 3 strains was the peptone. And the proper pH of all the tested strains was neutral or alkaline, the proper temperature of PGSC7 was 25 ℃. The other 5 strains was 30 ℃.
Key words: Eriobotrya japonica; endogenetic fungus; fruit dry rot of pomegranate; biological characteristics
枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)为蔷薇科常绿乔木果树,是中国亚热带地区的特色水果[1]。始载于《神农本草经》,含川贝碱、西贝素等多种生物碱[2]。植物内生真菌普遍存在于各种植物健康组织内或细胞间隙,不仅能促进寄主植物生长,还可以产生与寄主相同或相似的次级代谢产物,具有抗菌、杀虫等多种生物活性[3-6]。目前,尚未见枇杷内生真菌的研究报道。为此,本课题组对枇杷内生真菌开展系列研究。石榴干腐病是石榴生产上发生严重而普遍的病害之一,陕西[7]、安徽[8]、河南[9,10]、云南[11]等省份都陆续报道有石榴干腐病发生,损失率高达40%[7]以上。此病害果实腐烂干缩是其症状之一,果部病害使用化学农药会出现农药残留问题,生物防治可以弥补其不足。……
