庞发虎 杜瑞卿 周索 杨建伟

摘要：为了研究河南省南阳市空气中SO2浓度的变化对不同植物的影响以及植物对空气中SO2浓度的监测作用，选择了南阳市5个具有代表性的不同功能区，研究了不同功能区空气中SO2浓度的变化，并以法国梧桐（Platanus hispanica）、香樟[Cinnamomum camphora （L.） Presl]、法国冬青（Viburnum odoratissimum）、大叶黄杨（Buxus megistophylla）、海桐（Pittosporum tobira）5种植物的叶片为试材，于4-10月逐月测定了植物叶片中的硫含量、电导率、丙二醛含量、叶绿素a/b、脯氨酸含量等5个指标，并采用方差分析、综合方差分析、相关分析、判别分析等多种统计方法进行分析。结果表明，不同功能区空气中的SO2浓度有显著差异，不同树种对空气中SO2的吸收能力和抗胁迫能力有显著差异；空气中的SO2浓度、叶片中硫含量对各种树生理指标有显著影响。由此得出，通过对5个树种的生理指标变化可以监测空气中的SO2浓度，其中最敏感的指标为电导率、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量。吸收空气中SO2和抗SO2胁迫综合能力最好的树种是法国梧桐，是南阳市城市绿化和空气净化的优良树种。

关键词：大气污染；绿化树种；SO2；生理特征

中图分类号：Q948.116 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）05-1142-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.014

Monitoring Analysis of SO2 Concentrations in the Air in Nanyang City Using Physiological Characteristics of Plants

PANG Fa-hu， DU Rui-qing， ZHOU Suo， YANG Jian-wei

（College of Life Science and Technology， Nanyang Normal College， Nanyang 473061， Henan， China）

Abstract： To study the effect and monitor roles between changes of SO2 concentrations in the air and different plants in Nanyang City of Henan province， 5 different functional areas were selected to study the changes of SO2 concentration in the air. Using mature leaves of five common trees [Platanus hispanica，Cinnamomum camphora （L.） Presl.，Viburnum odoratissimum，Buxus megistophylla，Pittosporum tobira] as experimental materials， sulfur content， conductivity， MDA content， chlorophyll a/b and proline of plant leaves were monthly measured in April to October， and were analyzed using variance analysis， comprehensive variance analysis，correlation analysis，discriminate analysis，et al. The results showed that SO2 concentration in the air and the ability of SO2 absorption and anti-stress had significant difference in different functional areas. SO2 concentrations in the air and sulfur content of plant leaves had significant effects on physiological indexes of various trees. It indicated that changes of physiological indicators of five common trees could monitor SO2 concentration in the air，the most sensitive indexes for which were conductivity，MDA and proline. The best plant of the comprehensive ability of absorption and anti -stress SO2 was P. hispanica. It has a strong ability to anti-pollution， and is fine species for good for making city green and air clear in Nanyang city.

Key words： air pollution； greening tree species； SO2； physiology characteristics

河南省南阳市处于亚热带向暖温带的过渡地带，由于其人口稠密，车流量大，空气污染相对严重。在各种大气污染物中，二氧化硫为南阳市主要污染物。城市绿化植物具有对大气污染物的吸附、吸收、净化能力[1]。叶片是植物与环境气体交换的主要器官，最易受大气污染的伤害。许多研究表明，植物叶片生理特性的变化对于阐明城市大气污染程度的生物效应具有现实的意义[2，3]。……