郭晓红 孙立明 周健 姜玉伟 潘世驹 蔡永盛 姜红芳 陈建新 花子瑶 吕艳东

摘要：以94份寒地早粳稻為材料，采用随机区组试验设计，研究了膜下滴灌旱种对寒地水稻（Oryza sativa L.）品质的影响。结果表明，膜下滴灌旱种对糙米率、精米率、整精米率、精米粒长、精米粒宽、精米长宽比、精米垩白粒率、精米垩白度、精米白度、糙米蛋白质含量、糙米直链淀粉含量、糙米脂肪含量和米饭食味评分的影响具有双向性。膜下滴灌旱种减小了糙米率、精米率、整精米率、精米粒长、精米粒宽、精米长宽比、精米垩白度、精米白度、糙米蛋白质含量和米饭食味评分值的变异度，增加了精米垩白粒率、糙米直链淀粉含量和粗脂肪含量的变异度。糙米率、精米率、精米粒长、精米粒宽、精米长宽比、精米白度、糙米直链淀粉含量、糙米蛋白质含量、糙米粗脂肪含量和米饭食味评分值对膜下滴灌旱种的反应较迟钝，整精米率、精米垩白粒率和精米垩白度对膜下滴灌旱种的反应较敏感。

关键词：膜下滴灌旱种；寒地；水稻（Oryza sativa L.）；品质

中图分类号：S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）05-1112-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.007

Effect of Upland Rice under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Film Mulching

on Quality of Rice in Cold Region

GUO Xiao-hong1，SUN Li-ming2，ZHOU Jian1，JIANG Yu-wei1，PAN Shi-ju1，CAI Yong-sheng1，

JIANG Hong-fang1，CHEN Jian-xin1，HUA Zi-yao1，L？譈 Yan-dong1

（1.College of Agronomy，Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Varieties Improvement and Cultivation of Crops in Cold Region of Heilongjiang， Ministry of Education，Daqing 163319，Heilongjiang，China；2.Nenjiang Farm of Heilongjiang Province，Jiusan 161431， Heilongjiang，China）

Abstract： With 94 early janopica rice varieties（or lines） in cold region as material， effects of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching on quality were studied with randomized block design. The results showed that the effects of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching on brown rice rate， milled rice rate， head rice rate， grain length of milled rice， grain width of milled rice， ratio of length and width of milled rice， chalkiness rate of milled rice， chalkiness degree of milled rice， milled rice brightness， protein content of brown rice， amylase content of brown rice， fat content of brown rice， rice taste value were biphasic. The coefficient of variation of brown rice rate， milled rice rate， head rice rate， grain length of milled rice， grain width of milled rice， ratio of length and width of milled rice， chalkiness degree of milled rice， milled rice brightness， protein content of brown rice and rice taste value of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching decreased， and the coefficient of variation of chalkiness rate， amylase content and fat content of brown rice increased. Brown rice rate， milled rice rate， grain length of milled rice， grain width of milled rice， ratio of length and width of milled rice， milled rice brightness， protein content of brown rice， amylase content of brown rice， fat content of brown rice and rice taste value were insensitive to upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching， while head rice rate， chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree of milled rice were sensitive to it.

Key words： upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching； cold region；rice （Oryza sativa L.）；quality

中国是世界上最大的水稻（Oryza sativa L.）生产国[1-3]，水稻耗水量是农作物里最大的，其耗水量占全国总用水量的54%，占农业总用水量的65%以上。中国是人均水资源较少的国家，由于缺水，每年造成国民经济直接损失巨大[4]。在许多国家，1 m3水能生产粮食2 kg，而中国用同样的水产粮不足1 kg，其根源在于农业节水技术的落后。对于中国这样一个缺水的国家来说，发展节水型水稻育种和生产迫在眉睫。……