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(大连海事大学 交通运输管理学院， 辽宁 大连 116026)

全球航运市场竞争格局及我国班轮业并购战略

张丽英，王妍

(大连海事大学交通运输管理学院，辽宁大连116026)

在航运市场长期低迷、航运业并购热潮兴起的行业背景下，以科尔尼产业演进理论为基础，从行业集中度的角度对国内外班轮业所处的发展阶段进行准确定位。结合各产业演进阶段的并购操作要点，利用SWOT分析对我国班轮业并购战略进行研究，基于并购加快产业演进与产业整合，以利于未来与国外同行竞争。研究结果表明，我国班轮业的发展滞后于全球班轮业，应采取产业拓展型和产业整合型并购战略提高全球资源配置能力和航运市场国际竞争力，尤其是大型企业，应抓住“一带一路”等机遇，加快国内行业整合和大力推进跨国并购。

航运； 班轮业； 并购战略； 产业演进

Abstract: Since the global financial crisis began, shipping market has been low for a long time and needed profound adjustment. Based on industry evolution theory of Kearney and from the angle of industrial concentration ratio, the development stage of the domestic and global container liner industry is accurately identified. According to the operating points of merger and acquisition in the particular evolution stage, the merger and acquisition strategy in China is researched by means of the SWOT analysis with the purpose of quickening industrial evolution and industrial integration and seeking for a better position in future competition with foreign tycoons. The research results indicate that the container liner industry of China falls behind of the development of global industry and should adopt the merger and acquisition strategy of industrial expansion and industrial integration to improve the capacity of global resource allocation and market competitiveness. Especially, those strong enterprises, ought to seize the opportunity like "One Belt and One Road" and quicken the integration of domestic industry and give great impetus to cross-border merger and acquisition.

Keywords: shipping; container liner industry; merger and acquisition strategy; industry evolution

2015年航运业严重持续低迷，截至12月底，全球闲置的集装箱船舶占全球集装箱船舶总数的4.6%，亚欧航线运费暴跌70%，暴露出航运业还没有完全实现从周期性发展向可持续发展转变的现状。为解决船舶大型化与闲置运力持续扩大及运价在低位徘徊的矛盾，各大型航运企业正试图通过改变市场竞争格局在航运低谷期实现可持续发展。随着“一带一路”和“中国制造2025”等国家政策深入落实，我国航运业迎来了产业升级的最好时机。以并购为手段，突破航运市场发展的周期性，在与国际航运企业的市场竞争中得以生存和发展，是我国航运企业在全球航运市场竞争格局发生变化的大环境下亟待解决的问题。……