刘伊凡, 张跃文, 孙培廷, 刘竹风

(大连海事大学 轮机工程学院， 辽宁 大连 116026)

船舶推进系统能量耗散建模与分析

刘伊凡, 张跃文, 孙培廷, 刘竹风

(大连海事大学 轮机工程学院， 辽宁 大连 116026)

建立船舶推进系统能量耗散分析模型，运用仿真的方法对船舶推进系统整个航次内的能量耗散进行研究。通过对推进系统能量传递过程进行分析，将能量耗散因素分为固定能量消耗和额外能量消耗；分别对坐标系、环境模型、船体运动和推进系统进行研究，建立推进系统能量分析模型；结合欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)的气象信息,对目标船在新加坡—香港航线上的航行过程进行仿真研究。计算实例显示：在轻浪海况、主机设定负荷为70%时，推进系统固定能量消耗所占比例为86.7%～89%，主要受航速影响；额外能量消耗占11%～13.3%，受海况、操舵及航线综合影响。利用该模型对不同航线进行分析，可预报航期，并对航线中导致能耗升高的因素进行分析，为优化航线设计提供依据。

船舶推进系统； 能量耗散； 航次仿真； 航线能效分析

Abstract: To analyze the energy consumption of a ship propulsion system on a voyage basis, a simulation method is proposed. The energy consumption is divided as the basic part and the extra part according to the energy transfer process analysis. The coordinate system, the environment model, the ship motion and the propulsion system are studied and the energy consumption model is built. The propulsion system behavior on the Singapore-HongKong route with application of meteorological information from European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is simulated and analyzed with the model. The simulation shows that in smooth sea state and 70% engine load, the basic part of energy consumption ranges from 86.7% to 89% depending mainly on the speed, and the extra part of that varies between 11% and 13.3% according to the combination of the sea state, the ship maneuvering and the route design. This model can be used to analyze voyage routes, forecast the shipping date, and identify the factors that lead to higher energy consumption so as to find the way to optimize the route design.

Keywords: ship propulsion system； energy consumption； voyage simulation； energy efficiency analysis of route

船舶燃油消耗是能量消耗的过程，存在于船舶营运的各个方面(如推进系统、照明、供热、通风及空调)，其中最主要的是船舶推进系统消耗的能量。[1]为提高船舶能效，减少燃油消耗和CO2排放，相关企业及科研院所等已展开相关研究，通过对船舶能效状态进行分析，寻求提高船舶营运效率的方法。

船舶实际航行过程中的能效状态不仅受自身能效水平的影响，而且受环境干扰力、漂角及操纵等其他复杂因素的影响。……