集装箱海上运输空间联系强度及演变路径
2016-10-12李倩雯
李倩雯, 真 虹
(1.上海海事大学 交通运输学院, 上海 201306; 2.上海海事大学 上海国际航运研究中心, 上海 200082)
LI Qianwen1, ZHEN Hong2
集装箱海上运输空间联系强度及演变路径
李倩雯1, 真 虹2
(1.上海海事大学 交通运输学院, 上海 201306; 2.上海海事大学 上海国际航运研究中心, 上海 200082)
利用空间运输联系相关理论对全球集装箱海上运输节点和网络的演变路径进行定量研究。根据全球七大板块间集装箱海上运输的往来货流量数据,运用空间运输联系强度模型,对区域间集装箱海上运输空间联系强度进行测算和分析。结果表明:13年来,除与东亚地区联系的航线之外,洲际间航线上的区域空间联系强度普遍减弱,而东亚区域内航线的空间联系强度增速明显快于其他区域。同时,以东亚、欧洲和中东/印度次大陆为三角区域的集装箱海上运输联系逐渐加强,全球集装箱海上运输网络呈现“以东亚为中心,辐射周边,并带动世界集装箱运输繁荣”的区域集中化演变趋势。
水路运输;集装箱运输;空间运输联系;强度模型;演变路径
LIQianwen1,ZHENHong2
Abstract: The evolution path of global container shipping nodes and network is quantitatively studied by spatial transport linkage theory. The research, based on the intensity model, calculates and analyzes the container shipping linkage intensity within seven main parts using the data of global container shipping flows. The study shows that the linkage of inter-regional container shipping lanes gets looser except the lanes connected with East Asia, for which the linkage has got tighter over the past thirteen years. Meanwhile, East Asia, Europe and Middle East/Indian Sub-continent are gradually forming a triangle area, among which the linkage is getting increasingly stronger. The global container shipping network appears to have the trend of regional concentration around East Asia. The research predicts that the network will have a core at East Asia and radiate from East Asia to surrounding areas, and this shipping network is expected to promote the prosperity of the global container shipping industry.
Keywords: waterway transportation; container shipping; spatial transport linkage; intensity model; evolution path
20世纪60年代,以美国、欧洲共同体和日本为主的资本主义贸易格局开始形成;经过半个多世纪的发展,以东亚—北美、东亚—欧洲和欧洲—北美等3条东西主干航线为核心的世界集装箱海上运输格局基本形成。然而,在2008年金融危机爆发之后,全球价值链得以重构,国际贸易格局的悄然变化使得全球集装箱海上运输空间格局发生改变,这一变革将直接影响大多数航运企业航线网络的战略布局,甚至影响我国航运强国的战略制定。……
