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不同生长年限白芍中主要成分含量的比较研究

2016-09-26马福家仓婕孔铭李松林

上海医药 2016年15期

马福家+仓婕+孔铭+李松林

摘 要 目的:比较不同生长年限的白芍中主要成分含量,为白芍规范化种植、采收提供科学依据。方法:采用HPLC法测定白芍中没食子酸、氧化芍药苷、 芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、苯甲酸与1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖含量。结果:随着生长年限的增加,没食子酸和苯甲酸含量逐年下降,而芍药苷、氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷和1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖含量却逐渐增加。结论: 4~5年生的白芍有效成分含量最高,适宜采收。

关键词 白芍 HPLC 种植年限

中图分类号:R284.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)15-0075-05

Comparison of the contents of major ingredients in Radix paeoniae alba with different growth phases

MA Fujia1*, CANG Jie1**, KONG Ming 2,3, LI Songlin 2,3(1. Department of Pharmacy, No. 455 Hospital of PLA, Shanghai 200052, China; 2. Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese Western

Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210028, China; 3. Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the contents of major ingredients in Radix paeoniae alba with different growth phases. Methods: The contents of gallic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, albiflorin, peoniflorin, benzoic acid and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose from Radix paeoniae alba with 2~ 5 years of growth phases were determined by HPLC so as to provide a scientific evidence for the planting and harvest of Radix paeoniae alba. Results: The contents of gallic acid and benzoic acid were gradually decreased while the contents of oxypaeoniflorin, albiflorin, peoniflorin and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose increased with the increase of its growth phase. Conclusion: The contents of active ingredients in Radix paeoniae alba with 4~5 years of growth phase are the highest, suggesting it is the most suitable time for harvest.

KEY WORDS Radix paeoniae alba; HPLC; growth phase

白芍为毛茛科植物芍药(Paeonialactiflora pall)的干燥根,主产于安徽亳州、浙江磐安等地,具有养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳的功效,可用于血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,头痛眩晕[1]。白芍的主要活性成分为单萜糖苷类成分,如氧化芍药苷、 芍药内酯苷、芍药苷等,具有显著的镇痛、抗炎等作用;没食子酸类成分,如没食子酸、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖等,具有明确的抗氧化、抗炎等作用[2];酚类成分,如苯甲酸,通常被认为是食品中的有害成分,但通过对苯甲酸累积规律的研究,可间接评价白芍的质量[3]。白芍为多年生草本,一般夏、秋二季采挖。有文献显示,不同生长年限对白芍质量存在影响[2-4],但这些研究均以芍药苷作为单一评价指标,缺乏整体性。调研表明,白芍尚未明确具体的采收年限,但产地一般采挖生长周期为3~5年的白芍根,绝大多数市售白芍中芍药苷的指标均能满足药典芍药苷含量不小于1.6%的要求[1],但其活性成分随着生长年限而变化的规律仍不清楚,还需深入探讨。……

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