胡妮江西省景德镇市第一人民医院，江西景德镇　333000

阿奇霉素不同疗程治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效研究

胡妮
江西省景德镇市第一人民医院，江西景德镇333000

目的 观察阿奇霉素不同疗程治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效。方法 将2015年1～12月我院90例小儿肺炎支原体肺炎患儿作为研究对象，按阿奇霉素不同疗程将其分为观察组和对照组，每组各45例。对照组采用阿奇霉素治疗的疗程≤5 d，观察组采用阿奇霉素治疗的疗程为7 d，比较两组患儿临床疗效、主要临床症状消失时间、住院时间、不良反应发生率。结果 观察组治疗有效率（91.11%）高于对照组（75.56%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组和对照组热退时间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；观察组患儿肺部啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间、X线片阴影消失时间及住院时间（4.36±1.17）d、（7.32±2.05）d、（8.12±2.23）d、（9.35±2.54）d均短于对照组（7.19±1.83）d、（9.78±2.63）d、（11.56±3.19）d、（12.48±3.62）d，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对照组和观察组的不良反应发生率分别为0%、2.22%，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 采用阿奇霉素静脉滴注7 d疗程治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎能够缩短患儿的咳嗽时间、肺部啰音消失时间、X线片阴影消失时间及住院时间，疗效显著，且不良反应发生率无明显增加，疗法较为安全，具有推广应用价值。

阿奇霉素；疗程；小儿肺炎；支原体肺炎；疗效

［Abstract］Objective To observe the effect azithromycin in different treatment courses on infantile mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods 90 patients with infantile mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia treated in our hospital from January to December 2015 were selected and divided into observation group and control group based different treatment courses of azithromycin，each with 45 cases.Patients in the observation group were given azithromycin for no more than 5 days，while those in the control group were given azithromycin for 7 days.The clinical effects，remission time of main clinical symptoms，hospital stay，and incidence rates of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results The response rate was significantly higher in the observation group（91.11%）than in the control group（75.56%，P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in time of fever relieving between two groups（P＞0.05）.The remission time of rales in lungs，coughing，and shadow under X-ray were significantly shorted in the observation group（4.36±1.17）d，（7.32±2.05）d，（8.12±2.23）d，and（9.35±2.54）d than in the control group（7.19±1.83）d，（9.78±2.63）d，（11.56±3.19）d，and（12.48±3.62）d，（P＜0.05）.The incidence rates of adverse reactions were 0 and 2.22%，respectively，in the control group and the observation group，showing no significant difference（P＞0.05）.Conclusion A 7-day treatment course of azithromycin can shorten the remission time of coughing，rales in lungs，and shadow under X-ray in patients with infantile mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia，with significant effect and no evident increase of adverse reactions，thus is worthy to be promoted.

［Key words］Azithromycin；Treatment course；Infantile pneumonia；Mycoplasma pneumonia；Effect

肺炎支原体肺炎是婴幼儿较为多发的一种呼吸系统疾病，主要是指由于病原体感染、吸入油类或者羊水、过敏反应引发的肺部炎症，其临床症状主要表现为发热、呼吸急促、咳嗽、肺部啰音等［1］。小儿肺炎支原体肺炎在初期症状不明显，发生误诊或者漏诊的可能性较高，且具有病程长、病情重等、易引发并发症特点，对患儿的生命健康造成严重威胁［2，3］。……