杜春红，尹家祥，左曙青，栗冬梅，王秀芳，程晓藕，刘正祥，杨光璨



云南西部地区居民区小型兽类携带病原体检测

杜春红1，尹家祥2，左曙青3，栗冬梅4，王秀芳2，程晓藕2，刘正祥1，杨光璨1

目的了解云南西部地区居民区小型兽类携带病原体情况，为自然疫源性疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法在滇西地区8个州(市)中抽取的10个县(市、区)40个自然村中，随机抽取800户家庭(每村20户)，进行室内捕鼠，采集鼠脾脏标本并提取基因组DNA，鼠肺标本提取RNA，运用聚合酶链反应(PCR)或免疫学方法，检测鼠疫、巴尔通体、伯氏疏螺旋体、巴贝西原虫、人粒细胞无形体、埃立克体、汉坦病毒等病原体。结果捕获9种421只小型兽类，采集脏器样本404份，血清样本325份。检出鼠疫F1抗体两种方法共同阳性血清1份；扩增到巴尔通体枸橼酸合酶(gltA)基因64份，阳性率为15.84%，基因分析表明属6种基因型；检出伯氏疏螺旋体5S～23SrRNA间隔区基因5份，阳性率为1.24%，系统发育树显示均为Borreliaafzelii型；检出1例复合感染。其余病原体检测均为阴性。结论滇西地区室内小型兽类感染病原体种类多，分布广，对人类健康有一定的危害，需加强监测并采取预防控制措施。

滇西地区；居民区；小型兽类；病原体

serum specimen was positive for plague F1 antibody. Sixty-fourgltAgene ofBartonellawas amplified by PCR and the positive rate was 15.84% (64/404). Gene analysis showed that 6 gene types forBartonellainfection were found. The 5S-23SrRNAgene ofBorreliaburgdorferiwas amplified by PCR and the positive rate was 1.24% (5/404). Phylogenetic tree showed that they wereBorreliaafzeliigene type. One small mammal tended to complex infection. Others were negative. In households of Western Yunnan Province, different types of pathogen infections exist in small mammals and there are potential hazard for human. Diseases surveillance should be strengthened and measures of control and prevention need to be implemented.

Supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81060229, 81360413, 81460485), the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (No. 〔2011〕1568), the Yunnan Provincial Training Special Funds for High-level Health Technical Personnel (No. D-201249), the Yunnan Provincial Training of Youth Leader in Academic and Technical Reserve Talents (Nos. 2013HB080, 2014HB093), and the Dali University Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation (No. KYBS201302)

小型兽类为小型哺乳动物的统称，泛指啮齿目(Rodentia)、食虫目(Insectivora)、攀鼩目(Scandentia)、兔形目(Lagomorpha)、翼手目(Chiroptera)以及食肉目(Carnivora)中的部分小型动物。由于它们种类繁多、分布广泛、迁移性小、适应性强，构成了生态系统的重要组成部分。部分种类对人们的日常生活、农田水利、林业、牧业等造成危害，有些小兽(尤其是啮齿动物)及其体表寄生虫还与人类疾病相关，在病原体的长期保存、疾病传播和流行中具有重要意义[1-2]。……