齐金玲，张丽宏，刘丽晶.齐齐哈尔医学院精神卫生学院，黑龙江齐齐哈尔　6000；.齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院，黑龙江齐齐哈尔　6000

齐齐哈尔市精神分裂症的防治现状调查及其对策

齐金玲1，张丽宏1，刘丽晶2
1.齐齐哈尔医学院精神卫生学院，黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000；2.齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院，黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

目的 研究调查齐齐哈尔市精神分裂症的防治现状。方法 选取齐齐哈尔市5所精神病院（科）作为调查点，随机抽取5个社区1 050个居民作为调查对象，此外随机抽取医院登记在册的已确诊为精神分裂症的308例患者作为研究对象，对受试者进行长期随访调查，计算调查对象中的精神分裂症的发生率，统计该批患者的就诊率和治疗率。结果 接受调查的1 050位居民中，精神分裂症的发生率为6.00%，其中就诊的有39例，占比61.90%；城镇精神分裂患者终生就诊率、终生治疗率、一年治疗、时点治疗率以及终生住院治疗率均显著高于农村患者；精神分裂症男性患者的终生就诊率、终生治疗率、时点治疗率以及终生住院治疗率显著高于女性，而一年治疗率和一年系统治疗率男性和女性患者差异无统计学意义。结论 精神分裂症影响患者及其家属的生活质量，其中男性、城镇患者对于该病的认识程度、就诊率更高，普及精神疾病知识和纠正患者的不良认识是提高患者就诊率、改善生活质量的有效方法，建议精神卫生机构可以酌情采纳。

精神分裂症；现状调查；对策

DOI：10.16659/j.cnki.1672-5654.2016.11.022

［Abstract］Objective To investigate the prevention and treatment of schizophrenia in Qigihar city.Methods In Qiqihar City 5 mental hospital（Branch）as a survey point，randomly selected five community 1050 residents as the research object.In addition were randomly selected from the hospital to register the had been diagnosed with schizophrenia of 308 patients as the object of study，subjects were long-term follow-up survey，computational investigation object in schizophrenia incidence，statistics of the number of patients visiting rate and treatment rate.Results 1050 residents surveyed，rate of 6.00%，of which treatment in 39 cases of schizophrenia，accounting for 61.90%；urban schizophrenia lifetime attendance rate，lifelong treatment rate，one year treatment，point treatment rate and lifetime hospitalization rates were significantly higher than that of rural patients；schizophrenia disease in men with lifelong attendance rate，lifelong treatment rate，point treatment rate and lifetime hospitalization was significantly higher than that in females，and one year treatment rate and one year system treatment rates of male and female patients were no statistical significance.Conclusion Schizophrenia quality of life of the disease affects patients and their families.Among them，male，urban patients for the level of awareness of the disease，treatment rate higher，the universal spirit disease knowledge and correct the patient's poor understanding is to improve patients rate，the effective method to improve the quality of life and suggests that mental health institutions can adopt appropriate.

［Key words］Schizophrenia；Current situation investigation；Countermeasure

随着社会的发展，人与人之间的竞争日益激烈，每个人都承受着或多或少的压力，容易出现紧张、焦虑等不良情绪，而该类不良情绪若得不到及时的排解与疏通则很容易导致心理疾病或精神疾病［1］。……