经皮肺动脉瓣植入术后患者心功能的变化8例分析
2016-08-18万俊义陆敏杰张戈军蒋世良徐仲英赵世华金敬琳宋会军潘湘斌
万俊义,陆敏杰,张戈军,蒋世良,徐仲英,赵世华,金敬琳,宋会军,潘湘斌
临床研究
经皮肺动脉瓣植入术后患者心功能的变化8例分析
万俊义,陆敏杰,张戈军,蒋世良,徐仲英,赵世华,金敬琳,宋会军,潘湘斌
目的:评价经皮肺动脉瓣植入术(PPVI)后患者左、右心室功能的变化。
方法:对2014-05-27至2015-03-25在阜外医院成功行PPVI的8例患者进行研究。所有患者入院后进行临床症状、血浆B型利钠肽水平、心电图表现、X线胸片、超声心动图检查、计算机断层摄影术及心脏磁共振成像等检查,术后6个月复查,以评估PPVI前后心室功能变化。
结果:8例患者年龄14~42(25.4±8.1)岁,其中7例法洛四联症矫治术后,1例肺动脉瓣狭窄成形术后24年;超声心动图检查发现,肺动脉瓣中-大量反流3例,肺动脉瓣大量反流5例。与术前相比,8例患者PPVI后6个月右心室舒张末期前后径[(44.0±4.8)mm vs(33.6±7.1)mm]、右心室舒张末期容积指数[(150.1±25.7)ml/m2vs (111.4±39.1)ml/m2]、右心室收缩末期容积指数[(107.8±21.5)ml/m2vs (80.7±22.2)ml/m2]及右心室心排量[(6.8±1.3)L/min vs (4.9±0.8)L/min]均显著减小(P均<0.05),而右心室射血分数无明显改变[(40.5±6.2)% vs (39.5±9.9)%,P>0.05]。与术前相比,8例患者PPVI后6个月左心室舒张末期前后径明显增大[(42.9±4.4)mm vs(46.1±3.0)mm,P<0.05],但手术前后左心室舒张末期容积指数[(61.8±15.0)ml/m2vs (72.4±17.6)ml/m2]、左心室收缩末期容积指数[(47.8±12.4)ml/m2vs (41.0±10.4)ml/m2]、左心室射血分数[(50.9±5.5)% vs (52.8±6.7)%]及左心室心排量[(3.7±1.0)L/min vs (4.2±1.0)L/min]差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。
结论:PPVI可减轻患者右心室的容量负荷并促进右心室逆重塑,同时将右心室收缩功能维持在正常水平,其对左心室功能和几何构型的影响尚需进一步研究。
肺动脉瓣闭锁不全;心脏导管插入术;磁共振成像;心室功能
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the changes of left and right ventricular function in patients after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI).
Methods: A total of 8 patients with successful PPVI in our hospital from 2014-05-27 to 2015-03-25 were studied. The patients received pre-operative evaluation including clinical symptoms, plasma BNP levels, ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography, CT and MRI examinations. Post-operative follow-up study was conducted at 6 months after PPVI to compare the ventricular functional changes.
Results: The average age in 8 patients was 14-42 (25.4±8.1) years including 7 with tetralogy of Fallot correction and 1 with pulmonary stenosis plasty for 24 years. Echocardiography found that 3 patients with mid to large pulmonary regurgitation and 5 with large regurgitation. Compared with pre-operation, at 6 months after PPIV, all patients had decreased right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD) as (44.0±4.8) mm vs (33.6±7.1) mm, right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) (150.1±25.7) ml/ m2vs (111.4±39.1) ml/m2, RVESVI (107.8±21.5) ml/m2vs (80.7±22.2) ml/m2and right ventricular cardiac output (RV-CO) (6.8±1.3)L/min vs (4.9±0.8) L/min, but right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was similar (40.5±6.2) % vs (39.5±9.9) %, P>0.05; whileincreased LVEDD (42.9±4.4) mm vs (46.1±3.0) mm, P<0.05, but LVEDVI (61.8±15.0) ml/m2vs (72.4±17.6) ml/m2, LVESVI (47.8±12.4) ml/m2vs (41.0±10.4) ml/m2, LVEF (50.9±5.5) % vs (52.8±6.7) % and LV-CO (3.7±1.0) L/min vs (4.2±1.0) L/min were similar, all P>0.05.
Conclusion: PPVI may decrease right ventricular preload, improve its reverse remodeling and maintain systolic function at normal level in relevant patients; while the impacts on left ventricular function and geometry should be further studied.
(Chinese Circulation Journal, 2016,31:683.)
肺动脉瓣反流少见,医源性因素目前是临床上最常见、最具临床意义的病因,最常见于法洛四联症等有右心室流出道狭窄患者术后,也是目前经皮肺动脉瓣植入术(PPVI)最主要的适合人群。……
