彭小伟++毛振明

摘 要：“专项体育课”课程模式是在体育教学改革实践过程中，经过不断探索与选择逐渐形成的。“专项体育课”作为全面实现学校体育“三位一体”总体目标的有效突破口，其设计思路基于3点认识：运动技能学习是促进身心全面发展的有效载体；运动技能学习具有“一项多能”的特征；运动技能学习“个性化”是全面发展的持久动力。“专项体育课”达成学校体育“三位一体”目标的具体作用机制包括：建立青少年运动愉悦信念、促进体育锻炼习惯的培养、增加“主动运动”时间，进而提高学生体质健康水平；保证运动技能学习过程“过度练习”与“概括能力”的发展需要，提高专项运动技能水平；以运动技能学习的成就感提升自我效能感，促进个体人格的发展，以专项运动竞赛提供社会规范学习情境，促进社会人格的发展，实现对青少年健全人格的培养。

关 键 词：学校体育；专项体育课；课程模式；体育教学改革

中图分类号：G807.01 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116（2016）04-0001-05

Process of and theoretical criteria for the development of “event-specific

physical education courses”

PENG Xiao-wei1，MAO Zhen-ming2

（1.Sports Theory Teaching & Research Office，Wuhan Sports University，Wuhan 430079，China；

2.School of Physical Education and Sport，Beijing Normal University，Beijing 100875，China）

Abstract： The curriculum mode of “event-specific physical education courses” is gradually formed through constant exploration and selection during the practice of physical education teaching reform. “Event-specific physical education courses” can be an effective breakthrough way for comprehensively realizing the “trinity” overall objectives of school physical education， their design idea bases on 3 points of understanding： sports skill learning is an effective carrier for promoting comprehensive physical and mental development； sports skill learning is characterized by “multiple functions in one event”； sports skill learning “individualization” is the lasting power for comprehensive development. Specific working mechanisms for “event-specific physical education courses” to fulfill the “trinity” objectives of school physical education include the followings： establish teenagers belief in sporting joy， promote the cultivation of physical exercising habits， increase “initiative exercising” time， thus improve students physical health level； ensure the need of development of “over practicing” and “generalization ability” in the process of sports skill learning； improve the level of event-specific sports skills； by means of the sense of success in sports skill learning， improve the sense of self efficacy， and boost individual personality development； by means of event-specific sports competition， provide social norm learning scenarios， boost social personality development， and realize the cultivation of healthy personality of teenagers.

Key words： school physical education；event-specific physical education course；curriculum mode；physical education teaching reform

2015年全国政协十二届三次会议期间，政协委员姚明提出“推行专项体育课”的提案。姚明在这份提案中强调，在全民健身提升为国家战略的大背景下，为有效达成体质健康促进、运动技能掌握和健全人格培养的三维目标，应该更加注重发挥学校体育课的主导作用，而在中学阶段全面推行“专项体育课”是有效的突破口[1]。应当说，当学校体育课程改革进入全国政协委员的视野，当“专项体育课”借大牌体育明星提出，无疑为持续多年的中学体育课程改革注入新的活力。……