潘丽珍 林 榕



口腔颌面外科应用吸痰式气管套管的效果观察

潘丽珍 林 榕

【摘要】目的 研究口腔颌面外科应用吸痰式气管套管的效果。方法 观察使用吸痰式气管套和普通气管套的气管切开术患者的机械通气时间，术前和术后的血氧饱和度和呼吸频率水平的不同，以及患者吸痰时的舒适度和术后并发症的情况。结果 使用吸痰式气管套患者的机械通气时间少于普通组，术后使用吸痰式气管套的患者血氧饱和度高于使用普通气管套的患者，而呼吸频率前者低于后者，差异均具有统计学意义。使用气管套患者吸痰后并发症发生率低于使用普通气管套组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 口腔颌面外科手术患者应用吸痰式气管套管有利于降低呼吸机相关肺炎和缩短机械通气时间，吸痰效果好、并发症少，临床效果满意。

【关键词】口腔颌面外科；吸痰；气管套管

Objective To study the effect of sputum suction type tracheal tube applied in department of oral and maxillofacial surgery． Methods The differences in time of mechanical ventilation，preoperative and postoperative oxygen saturation and respiratory rate between patients undergoing tracheotomy with sputum suction type tracheal tube and common tracheal tube were observed． The comfort degree when sputum suction and postoperative complications were also observed． Results The time of mechanical ventilation of patients using sputum suction type tracheal tube was shorter than that of patients using common tracheal tube． The blood oxygen saturation in patients using sputum suction type tracheal tube was higher than that in patients using common tracheal tube after operation while respiratory rate of the former was lower than that of the latter（P＜0．05）． The incidence of complications in patients using sputum suction type tracheal tube after sputum suction was lower than that in patients using common tracheal tube（P＜0．05）．Conclusion The application of sputum suction type tracheal tube in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery is good for reducing ventilatorassociated pneumonia and shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation． The sputum suction effect is good and complications are few． The clinical effect is satisfying．

【Key words】 Oral and maxillofacial surgery，Sputum suction，Tracheal tube

口腔颌面外科手术由于手术时间较长、口腔分泌物多、术区肿胀，易发生呼吸困难、气道梗阻等，术后多需要保留气管插管［1-2］。传统的气管套管吸痰时吸痰管不易插至气囊上方，使分泌物吸出不彻底，引起各种不良后果。我院2015年开始采用吸痰式气管套管，临床效果满意，报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

以2013年7月～2015年8月在我院接受口腔颌面外科手术行气管切开的患者100例作为研究对象，按照使用吸痰式气管套管或普通气管套管分为观察组（n=50）和普通组（n=50），观察组中男27例，女23例；年龄40～76岁，平均（59.4±5.9）岁。……