不同检测方法在吸毒人群筛查丙肝中的应用价值
2016-07-11刘振专杨红梅蔡常辉陈述文梁连辉
刘振专 杨红梅 蔡常辉 陈述文 梁连辉

[摘要] 目的 探讨不同检测方法在吸毒人群筛查丙肝中的应用价值。 方法 选取2014年1~8月中山市第二人民医院“美沙酮门诊”定点收治的吸毒史部分患者194例,采用HCV-cAg ELISA试剂盒,HCV-Ab ELISA试剂盒,HCV-RNA PCR试剂盒分别检测。 结果 194例吸毒患者血样,HCV-RNA PCR阳性率为58.76%(114/194),HCV-Ab阳性率为63.92%%(124/194),HCV-cAg阳性检出率为32.47%(63/194)。HCV-Ab标志物阳性率显著高于HCV-cAg(χ2=38.411,P<0.01)。在HCV-Ab阴性样本中,有5例HCV-cAg阳性,其中4例HCV-RNA PCR结果阳性。 结论 不同检测方法的检测效果略有差异,临床上可考虑HCV-cAg与HCV-Ab联合检测优势互补,对吸毒高危人群联合筛查,将有效防止漏检。
[关键词] 丙型肝炎病毒;丙肝病毒核心抗原;丙肝病毒抗体;联合检测
[中图分类号] R512.6+3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)03(c)-0129-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application value of different determination method in screening hepatitis C in drug users. Methods 194 patients with history of drug use sentinel treated by "adanon outpatient"in the Second People′s Hospital of Zhongshan City from January to August 2014 were selected.HCV-cAg ELISA kit,HCV-Ab ELISA kit and HCV-RNA PCR kit was respectively used to detect. Results Among 194 samples from drug users,the positive rate of HCV-RNA PCR was 58.76% (114/194),the positive rate of HCV-Ab was 63.92% (124/194),the positive detection rate of HCV-cAg was 32.47% (63/194).The positive rate of HCV-Ab markers was obviously higher than t of HCV-cAg (χ2=38.411,P<0.01).Among HCV-Ab negetive samples,5 cases were HCV-cAg positive and 4 cases with HCV-RNA PCR positive results among that. Conclusion The detection effect of different determination method has lightly difference,HCV-cAg and HCV-Ab of combination detection may be considered for their complement each other′s advantages.Using combination screening to high-risk drug users can prevent missed detection effectively.
[Key words] Hepatitis C virus;HCV-cAg;HCV-Ab;Combined detection
丙型肝炎(丙肝)在我国属乙类传染病[1],其病原体是丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)[2]。据文献报道全球约有2亿人感染,感染率为3%,每年因HCV相关疾病死亡人数达35万之多,中国约有4000万人感染,感染率为3.2%,略高于全球平均水平[3-4],而这些感染者中,>60%为吸毒人员[5-6]。号称“沉默杀手”的丙肝具有隐匿性、慢性化特征,并可发展为肝硬化、肝癌,但因HCV具有高度变异性,目前尚无理想的预防性疫苗和特效药物治疗,只能采取保肝护肝治疗[7-8],因此,建立早期、快速、准确、价廉的筛查方法,选择合适的检测策略,对HCV的防控和预后有重大意义。丙肝病毒抗体(HCV-Ab)、HCV-RNA、丙肝病毒核心抗原(HCV-cAg)是近年来应用较广的检测方法,其中HCV-cAg检测是新近发展的一项检测技术,其窗口期(PWP)较短,为13~15 d[9-10],且不受机体免疫状态的影响。本文对中山市第二人民医院“美沙酮门诊”194名吸毒人员分别采集样本,同时进行HCV-cAg、HCV-Ab、HCV-RNA 检测,以探讨HCV-cAg联合HCV-Ab检测在吸毒高危人群中的应用价值。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
2014年1~8月,选取中山市第二人民医院“美沙酮门诊”定点收治的吸毒史部分患者194例,其中男性为152例,女性为42例,年龄为20~65岁,平均(39.2±5.4)岁。入……
