国家药用植物种质资源库中期库贮存7种药用植物种子生活力监测
2016-07-09金钺杨成民魏建和
金钺 杨成民 魏建和


[摘要]该文通过测定国家药用植物种质资源库中期库中保存4年的桔梗、荆芥、穿心莲、党参、黄芩、益母草、冬凌草等7种药用植物种子发芽率,分析了种子入库前后发芽率的变化情况并评价了其生活力的变化。结果表明在中期库贮藏4年后7种药用植物的种子发芽率均下降,除荆芥、黄芩种子发芽率下降不显著外,其余5种药用植物的种子发芽率显著下降。桔梗、党参、冬凌草种子入库前发芽率越高,贮藏后发芽率下降幅度越小,穿心莲呈现相反的趋势,荆芥、黄芩各发芽率区间下降的幅度大致相同。低温贮藏能有效地延长了种子寿命,保持了种子活力,有必要积极开展主要药用植物种子的贮藏特性研究,并制定种子的监测方案和更新标准。
[关键词]中期库;药用植物种子;生活力
[Abstract]In order to evaluate seed viability of Platycodon grandiflorum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Andrographis paniculat, Codonopsis pilosula, Scutellaria baicalensis, Leonurus japonicus, Rabdosia rubescens, stored in the mediumterm gene bank of the National Medicinal Plant Gene Bank for 4 years, we tested seed germination rate of 7 species of medicinal plant and analyzed the change of significance of levels of the germination rate in pre and post store Seed germination rates of 7 species of medicinal plants were all decreased after 4 years, and the decrease of S tenuifolia and S baicalensis germination rates were much smaller than other species The higher initial germination rate of P grandiflorum, C pilosula, R rubescens seed has the smaller decline of germination rate, but the data of A paniculata showed the opposite trend The rate decline of the germination of S tenuifolia and S baicalensis was roughly the same in different germination rate interval The results showed that low temperature storage could effectively prolong the seed longevity, and maintain the seed vigor Moreover, it is necessary to study on the storage characteristics of the main medicinal plant seeds, and establish the monitoring plan and regeneration standard
[Key words]mediumterm gene bank; medicinal plants; viability
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20160904
药用植物种质资源是国家重要生物战略资源,是中医药可持续发展基础,但长期的过度开发利用、生态环境恶化等导致大量药用基因灭绝。因此,加强药用基因资源的保存、保护和可持续利用是中国医药学发展迫在眉睫的重要任务。为了有效地保护宝贵的种质资源,我国于2006年在北京建设了首个国家药用植物种质资源库。目前,完成入库的野生、栽培药用植物种质近3万份,3 599种,所有种质分成2份,分别贮存在中期库和长期库。随着种质资源库收集和保存的量越来越多,需要对不同种质定期进行抽样监测,以便更安全的贮藏更多的种质和确定各种质繁殖更新时间。……
